Digestion

Question 1

What is the digestive system?

Answer 1

A group of organs working together to turn food into nutrients , which the body uses for energy, growth and cell repair

Question 2

What is the path of food?

Answer 2

mouth —> esophagus —> stomach —> small intestine —> large intestine —> rectum

Question 3

What are the 3 main stages of digestion?

Answer 3

Mechanical, chemical and absorption

Question 4

What do the teeth do? Is it a mechanical or chemical change?

Answer 4

They break down food into small pieces (mechanical)

Question 5

What does saliva do? Is it a physical or chemical change?

Answer 5

It has enzymes that mix food to begin the process of breaking it down (chemical)

Question 6

What does the tongue do?

Answer 6

It helps food and saliva mixed by combining them together to form a bolus

Question 7

Where does the food go after it is chewed and formed into a bolus?

Answer 7

It goes to the pharynx

Question 8

What does the epiglottis do?

Answer 8

It acts as a switch to route food to the esophagus and sir to the larynx and trachea

Question 9

What is the pharynx commonly referred to as?

Answer 9

The throat

Question 10

What two systems is the pharynx part of?

Answer 10

Digestive and respiratory

Question 11

What’s the esophagus?

Answer 11

A muscular tube connecting the throat to the stomach

Question 12

What does the esophagus do?

Answer 12

Secretes mucus and moves food from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement (peristalsis)

Question 13

What is mechanical digestion in the stomach?

Answer 13

Muscle contractions called churning which mixes food from digestive glands

Question 14

What is chemical digestion in the stomach?

Answer 14

The stomach contains hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes that continue the digestion of food

Question 15

What does acid in the stomach do?

Answer 15

It kills bacteria

Question 16

What are sphincters and what do they do?

Answer 16

Valves at the beginning and end of the stomach that control the flow of food through it

Question 17

What do villi do?

Answer 17

They increase the surface are of absorption

Question 18

How are nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream?

Answer 18

Through the small intestine walls

Question 19

Where does leftover waste from the small intestine go?

Answer 19

It continues through the large intestine

Question 20

What does the large intestine do?

Answer 20

It absorbs water and nutrients the small intestine didn’t absorb

Question 21

What does the liver do?

Answer 21

Produces bile and secretes it into the small intestine

Question 22

What does the gallbladder do?

Answer 22

It stores and recycles excess bile from the small intestine so that it can be reused again later

Question 23

What does the pancreas do?

Answer 23

It secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine to complete the chemical digestion of food

Question 24

What is bile made of?

Answer 24

Mostly cholesterol and bile acids

Question 25

What do salivary glands secrete? Where are they situated and what is their targeted nutrient?

Answer 25

Saliva
Mouth
Starch (complex carbs)

Question 26

What do gastric glands secrete? Where are they situated and what is their targeted nutrient?

Answer 26

Gastric juices
Stomach
Proteins

Question 27

What do intestinal glands secrete? Where are they situated and what is their targeted nutrient?

Answer 27

Intestinal juices
Small intestine
Proteins, fats, carbs

Question 28

What does the pancreas secrete? Where is it situated and what is its targeted nutrient?

Answer 28

Pancreatic juices
Small intestine
Proteins, fats, carbs

Question 29

What does the liver secrete? Where is it situated and what is its targeted nutrient?

Answer 29

Bile
Small intestine
Fats