Digestion Flashcards
Ingestion
Taking in food through the mouth
Absorption
The uptake of products of digestion into the blood
Assimilation
The conversion of absorbed nutrients into molecules for growth repair and defence
Egestion
The removal of undigested and unabsorbed food
Saprophyte
Organism that feeds on a dead host
Peristalsis
Wavelike muscular contraction of the muscle wall of the oesophagus
Pepsinogen
An inactive enzyme that is converted to pepsin by hydrochloric acid. It is inactive so that it does not digest the cells that make it
Pepsin
A protease that turns proteins into peptides and amino acid in the stomach ( the beginning of protein digestion)
How is self digestion prevented in the stomach
1) Mucus – line stomach wall – alkaline so reduces acidity
2) Pepsin is in an inactive form
3) Cells lining the stomach are replaced very quickly
Chyme
The end product of the stomach digestion
Pancreatic juices contain:
1) sodium bicarbonate – neutralises chyme
2) Amylase
3) Lipase- converts lipids to glycerol and fatty acids
4) Proteases
Bile is made from:
Remains of dead red blood cells
Bile contains:
Water, bile salts and pigments
Where is bile made and stored in:
Made in the liver, stored in the gallbladder
Emulsification
The physically break up large fat globules (by bile salts)
