Digestion

Question 1

Digestion

Answer 1

The process of breaking down food into small enough molecules that can be absorbed through the intestinal wall

Question 2

Absorption

Answer 2

The process of moving nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream

Question 3

Transport

Answer 3

The process of moving absorbed nutrients throughout the body through the circulatory and lymph systems

Question 4

Elimination

Answer 4

The excretion of undigested and unabsorbed food through the feces

Question 5

Sphincters

Answer 5

What allows food to pass from one organ to the next

Question 6

Mouth

Answer 6

Mastication, tears and shreds and mixes food with saliva

Question 7

Epiglottis

Answer 7

Prevents the bolus from flowing back into the trachea

Question 8

Stomach

Answer 8

Mixes and churns food with acid, enzymes and gastric fluids into a liquid called chyme.

Question 9

Small intestines

Answer 9

Secretes digestive enzymes and absorbs nutrients

Question 10

Large intestine

Answer 10

Reabsorbs salts and water, compacts unwanted waste to be stored in the rectum

Question 11

What is absorbed in the large intestines?

Answer 11

Water
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride absorption

Question 12

Final stage of defecation is influenced by

Answer 12

Age
Diet
Prescription medications 
Health 
Abdominal muscle tone

Question 13

Liver

Answer 13

Produces protein

Manufactures bile salts that digest fats

Removes and degrades toxins and excess hormones

Question 14

Gallbladder

Answer 14

Receives bile from common hepatic duct

Releases bile into small intestines via common bile duct

Question 15

Pancreas

Answer 15

Releases hormones to maintain blood glucose

Secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine

Question 16

Primary contractions

Answer 16

Peristalsis

Segmentation

Question 17

Peristalsis

Answer 17

Squeezes food through the GI tract

Question 18

Segmentation

Answer 18

Shifts food back and forth along the GI tract

Question 19

Passive diffusion

Answer 19

Nutrients move from high concentration to low concentration

Question 20

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 20

Nutrients move from high concentration to low concentration with the help of a carrier protein

Question 21

Active transport

Answer 21

Nutrients move from low concentration to high concentration with help of a carrier protein, energy is required

Question 22

Endocytosis

Answer 22

Cell forms a vesicle to surround and engulf a nutrient

Question 23

Entergastrones

Answer 23

Influence GI motility, stomach emptying, gallbladder contraction, intestinal absorption and hunger.

I.e., gastrin, secretin

Question 24

Hormones

Answer 24

Regulate digestion by controlling:

• The release or gastric and pancreatic secretions
• Peristalsis
• Enzyne activity

Question 25

Ghrelin and peptide YY communicate with the nervous system to

Answer 25

Help decide when you eat and when to stop eating