Digest

Question 1

What breaks down

• carbohydrates
• lipids
• proteins

Answer 1

Carbohydrase
Lipase
Protease
Enzymes

Question 2

What are lipids Broken down into

Answer 2

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 3

What are carbohydrates broken down into

Answer 3

Glucose

Question 4

What are proteins broken down into

Answer 4

Amino acids

Question 5

Lipids carbohydrates and proteins are large molecules they all need to be Broken down into

Answer 5

Monomers

Question 6

Why aren’t these broken down Minerals+vitamins
Water
Fibre

Answer 6

Minerals and vitamins are tiny
Water diffuses by osmosis
Fibre isn’t digested

Question 7

What is mechanical digestion

Answer 7

Chewing and churning

Question 8

What is chemical digestion

Answer 8

Enzymes

Question 9

What is digestion

Answer 9

Large insoluble molecules to small soluble molecules

Question 10

Salivary gland contain which enzyme

Answer 10

Amylase

Question 11

What is it called when muscle contracts and pushes food down in oesophagus

Answer 11

Peristalsis

Question 12

Stomach

Answer 12

pH 1-2
Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria
Churns food

Question 13

Mouth-tongue

Answer 13

Chewed into bolus shape

Easier shape to go down

Question 14

Liver

Answer 14

Gall bladder

Bile

Question 15

Pancreas (looks like bacon)

Answer 15

Insulin-stops blood sugar levels rising too high
Glucagon-stops blood sugar levels dropping too low (hypo)
Produces enzymes

Question 16

Small intestine

Answer 16

Site of absorption
Villi(also covered in villi)-sf
Extra mitochondria for active transport(glucose->bloodstream)

Question 17

Large intestine

Answer 17

Water absorption

Question 18

Rectum

Answer 18

Fibre waste little water

Question 19

Villi

Answer 19

-Surface area
-Supplies mitochondria with blood-oxygen +glucose for respiration for active transport
-maintains conc gradient-dialysis,lungs (small intestine one way blood the other)replaces blood without nutrients constantly
1 cell thick-shorter diffusion pathway

Question 20

Bile jobs

Answer 20

(Breaks fats up) emulsified fats so they have a bigger SF

Lipase only works in alkaline solutions-neutralizes stomach acid

Question 21

Where are lipase protease and amylase found

Answer 21

All produced by the pancreas
Lipase-small intestine
Protease-stomach and small intestine
Amylase-mouth small intestine

Question 22

Lock and key

Answer 22

Enzymes active site is specific so only substrates with a complementary site will fit
The enzyme will either break the molecules down or combine them
Then the enzyme is reused

Question 23

How temperature affects enzymes activity

Answer 23

Low temp-not enough energy
Peak-optimum temp(37)
Then-denatured

Question 24

How ph affects enzymes activity

Answer 24

Low ph-denatured
Peak -optimal
High ph-denatured