Diffusion and Osmosis Flashcards
What is the Mitochondria?
small, oval shaped organelle. They produce energy which is then transported to the rest of the cell.
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
The e.r is a large structure composed of several folds. They receive proteins and modify them to make them functional and also allows for the transportation of materials throughout the cell.
What are the Ribosomes?
produce protein particles from info it gets genetic materials which are then used for cell growth, repair and reproduction.
What is the Golgi Apparatus?
looks like a stack of pancakes. It modifies and store protiens for transport to other organelles, or outside the cell.
What are the Lysosomes?
break down protiens and other molecules for reuse by the cell or for disposal.
What is the Flagellum?
Like how a fish uses a tail.
What is the Cillia?
numerous, small, hair like structures that either propell a cell along or capture various items for use of disposal.
What is the structure of the cell membrane?
made up of 2 layers of fat in which many proteins are imbedded, which act as channels, opening and closing.
How does the diffusion process work?
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. The particle theory states that all particles are in constant motion, so when the particles are released, they collide with other particles until the released particles are evenly disperesed through out the room.
What does concentration gradient mean?
a different concentration of a substance between two areas.
A gummy bear is placed in a beaker of water and left overnight. During the morning, it is discovered that the gummy bear has inflated over 3 times it’s original size. Why is this?
The concentration of sugar within the gummy was very high, while in the water it was very low. The sugar should have diffused out of the bear and into the water to diffuse the concentrations, but the skin of the bear acted as a membrane and would not allow the large sugar molecules to pass through, so in order to even out the concentrations, water flowed into the gummy, diluting the sugar and making the bear inflate.
A potato wedge is placed in a beaker of salt water overnight. During the morning, it is discovered that the potato wedge has become soft and mushy. Why is this?
The concentration of salt inside the water was very high, while in the potato it was was very low. In order to even out the concentrations, salt should flow into the potato, but it couldn’t because of the potato’s selectively permeable membrane, so water flows out of the potato, resulting in a loss of turgor pressure and causing the potato to become soft and mushy.
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane
What is turgor pressure?
Turgor pressure refers to the pressure inside a cell pushing outward.
What is endocytosis?
the process by which a cell moves large ammounts of materials or non- dissolved particles into its cytoplasm from the outside enviornment.
