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Pediatrics > Differential Diagnosis > Flashcards

Differential Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

DDx fever of unknown origin

A

Infections
Autoimmune
Neoplasm
Drug-induced (drug fever)

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2
Q

DDx back pain

A 
Musculoskeletal 
Scoliosis 
Spondylolysis
Discogenic (disc herniation)
Neoplasm
Rheum (ankylosing spondylitis)
TB of spine
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3
Q

DDx abnormal uterine bleeding

A 
Anovulatory cycles
Pregnancy
Infection
Endocrine disorder (PCOS, hypothyroid)
Hormonal contraceptives
Bleeding disorder (Von willebrands)
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4
Q

DDx syncope

A 
Vasovagal
Orthostatic
Arrhythmia
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 
Prolonged QT
WPW
Ingestion
Seizures
Hypoglycemia
Electrolyte abnormalities
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5
Q

DDx stridor

A 
Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
Bacterial tracheitis
Foreign body
Subglottic stenosis
Epiglottis 
Tracheomalacia
Tracheal hemangioma
Vascular rings
Diphtheria
Allergic reaction
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6
Q

DDx seizures

A 
Infections
Febrile seizures
Metabolic
Ingestion
Neoplasm
Mass lesion
Vasculitis
Autoimmune
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7
Q

List 4 common causes of dehydration

A
  1. GI losses (diarrhea, remiss)
  2. Inadequate fluid intake
  3. Excessive renal losses
  4. Increased insensible losses (fever, sweating, burns)
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8
Q

Ddx of apnea

A
  1. CNS: seizure, breath holding
  2. Infection: meningitis, bronchiolitis, sepsis, croup, infant botulism, pertussis
  3. Cardiac: arrhythmia
  4. GI: reflux
  5. Metabolic: hypoglycemia, inborn error of metabolism, toxin
  6. Trauma: head injury accidental or nonaccidental
  7. Prematurity
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9
Q

Ddx life threatening abdominal pain.

A
  1. Appendicitis
  2. Intussusception
  3. Incarcerated hernia
  4. Trauma
  5. Tumors
  6. Sepsis
  7. Volvulus
  8. Ectopic pregnancy
  9. DKA
  10. Intra-abdominal abscess
  11. Aortic aneurysm
  12. Toxic ingestion (iron, lead, aspirin)
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10
Q

Ddx altered mental status

A
  1. Dehydration
  2. Ingestion
  3. Trauma
  4. Hypoxia or hyperthermia
  5. intussusception
  6. Brain mass
  7. Occult trauma
  8. Postictal
  9. VP shunt problem
  10. Meningitis or encephalitis
  11. Metabolic (hypoglycemia, etc)
  12. Reyes syndrome, rarities
  13. CVA
  14. HUS (2/2 uremia)
  15. Functional
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11
Q

Ddx of abdominal pain in children older than 3 years

A
  1. Appendicitis
  2. Mesenteric lymphadenitis
  3. gastroenteritis
  4. Meckel diverticulitis
  5. Intestinal obstruction
  6. Constipation
  7. Inflammatory bowel disease
  8. Biliary colic, cholecystitis
  9. UTI
  10. Kidney stone
  11. Systemic illness (PNA, HSP, HUS, sickle cell, DM)
  12. Functional abdominal pain
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12
Q

What should be added to the ddx for abdominal pain if the pt is a female teen?

A
  1. Ovarian cyst
  2. PID
  3. Mittelschmerz
  4. Ectopic pregnancy
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13
Q

Differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in children younger than 3 years

A
  1. NEC
  2. Colic
  3. Midgut volvulus
  4. Intussusception
  5. Gastroenteritis
  6. Intestinal obstruction
  7. Constipation
  8. UTI
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14
Q

Ddx of cough

A
  1. Infectious causes (URI, croup, tracheitis, bronchitis, PNA)
  2. Postnasal drip from allergic rhinitis
  3. Bronchospasm: asthma
  4. Congenital abnormalities
  5. Aspiration
  6. GERD
  7. Post viral infection recovery
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15
Q

Ddx sore throat

A
  1. Pharyngitis ( group a strep, EBV, adenovirus, coxsackie virus’s HSV, rhinovirus)
  2. RPA
  3. Lateral neck or para pharyngeal abscess
  4. Peritonsillar abscess
  5. Epiglottitis
  6. Bacterial tracheitis
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16
Q

Ddx of vomiting in children from birth-2 months

A
  1. allergic colitis
  2. Anatomical abnormalities of GI tract
  3. GERD
  4. Increased intracranial pressure
  5. Malformation with volvulus
  6. Meconium ileus
  7. NEC
  8. Over feeding
  9. Pyloric stenosis
17
Q

Ddx vomiting age 2-5 years

A
  1. Gastroenteritis
  2. Intussussception
  3. Posttusive
  4. Head trauma
  5. Brain tumor
  6. DKA
  7. Incarcerated hernia
  8. Foreign body
  9. Pyelonephritis
18
Q

Ddx vomiting age 6 years or older

A
  1. Adhesions (previous surgery)
  2. Appendicitis
  3. Cholecystitis
  4. Hepatitis
  5. IBD
  6. Intoxication
  7. Migraine
  8. Ovarian torsion
  9. Pancreatitis
  10. Peptic ulcer disease
  11. Pregnancy
19
Q

Ddx wheezing

A
  1. RAD
  2. RSV bronchiolitis
  3. Other infections
  4. Anaphylaxis or other response to environmental allergens
  5. Foreign body
  6. Aspiration.
  7. Congenital anomalies
20
Q

Ddx ALTE

A
  1. Idiopathic
  2. GERD
  3. Seizure
  4. Sepsis or infection
  5. Cardiac disease (arrhythmia)
  6. Breath holding spell
  7. Upper airway obstruction
  8. Metabolic disorder
  9. NAT
  10. Munchasen by proxy
21
Q

Ddx irritability

A
  1. Infection
  2. Trauma (shaken baby, subdural hematoma, fracture, corneal abrasion, hair tourniquet
  3. Medications
  4. colic
  5. GI problems (constipation, milk protein allergy, hernia, intussuception, volvulus)
  6. CNS problems (meningitis, etc)
  7. Metabolic disorders
  8. Toxins
22
Q

Ddx lethargy

A
  1. Seizures
  2. Increased ICP
  3. Trauma
  4. Ingestion
  5. Sleep disorder
  6. Infection
  7. Vascular
  8. Kidney or liver disorders
23
Q

Ddx ALTE

A
  1. CNS (seizure)
  2. Apnea of infancy/ breath holding spells
  3. Metabolic
  4. Cardiovascular (CHD, arrhythmia)
  5. Infection (meningitis, sepsis, UTI)
  6. Medications
  7. GI (reflux, aspiration, intussuception, volvulus)
  8. Respiratory (infection, aspiration, foreign body, airway anomaly)
  9. NAT
24
Q

Ddx of bradycardia

A
  1. Hypoxemia
  2. Acidosis
  3. Intracranial hypertension
  4. Primary heart condition
  5. Toxins
  6. Eating disorder
25
Q

DDx chest pain

A
  1. Cardiac causes (ischemia, infections, arrhythmia
  2. Musculoskeletal ( muscle strain, costochondritis, trauma)
  3. Respiratory. (Pna, asthma, ptx, pe)
  4. GI ( gerd, FB, esophagitis)
  5. Anxiety
  6. Precordial catch
  7. Breast disorder

Pediatrics (16 decks)

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