Different Ages, Different Challenges

Question 1

Respect for young people with mental illness

Answer 1

health care professionals - strong therapeutic rapport

20% of world’s young people are affected, first MI encounter 12-25

Question 2

The objective of The International Declaration on Youth Mental Health

Answer 2

involvement of young people + families in service development, improving understanding in communities, accessibility, youth-focused strength-based mental healthcare, develop resilience, hope, recovery

Question 3

Developmental stages

Answer 3

general knowledge of concepts understands implications for mental health, recovery, WB
neurological + psychological development - cognitive abilities/capacities

Question 4

Reducing risk and vulnerability

Answer 4

mental health promotion = reduce risk factors/vulnerability that may predispose
strengths-based focus
support to families

Question 5

Drug and alcohol misuse

Answer 5

alcohol - 16-24 years, 11.1% Aus youth affected
cannabis - 2nd most common, risk of mental health
1/3 14+ use drugs in a given year

Question 6

Trauma and abuse

Answer 6

younger age less likely effected
resilience/recovery of younger people
trauma = physical, sexual, bullying

Question 7

Mental health promotion, prevention and early intervention for young people

Answer 7

early intervention + youth-friendly services

neg - limited centres, financial restraints, availability/accessibility

Question 8

Instilling hope

Answer 8

hope is integral in intervention

1. listen
2. sit next to them
3. clear language, avoid judgement
4. ask questions + validate
5. meet needs

Question 9

Suicide

Answer 9

20% all deaths in young men/women in Aus - leading cause of death in young people
suicide is NOT an illness but a behaviour - determinants related to mental illness
risk factors + accumulation of stresses = suicidal ideation

Question 10

Non -suicidal self -injury

Answer 10

= destruction of bodily tissue without suicidal intentions
risk factor
motivation - emotional regulation/management, self-punishment

Question 11

Psychosis

Answer 11

first experienced - 18 y/o
period of stress, decision making, risk-taking behaviours
early intervention highly successful + cost effective

Question 12

Depression and anxiety

Answer 12

average onset 25 y/o
affect - emotions, thoughts, behaviours, motivation, physical health
psychological therapeutic actions to improve MH

Question 13

Background - getting older

Answer 13

participation in society = maintain full citizen status and fulfil roles/responsibilities
protective factors - social inclusion, belonging
barriers - MH care, mobility, accessible transport, financial resources

Question 14

The myths of ageing

Answer 14

ageism = myths/stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination
+ MH = double burden of stigma/discrimination
negative attitudes by health practitioners

Question 15

The life tasks (ageing)

Answer 15

life stages = retirement/liberation, summing up/swan song

sum up - completing life work, giving back, fear of dying before achieving what they want

Question 16

Recovery (ageing)

Answer 16

6 recovery principles of recovery; hope, education, self-advocacy, personal responsibility, support and meaning, purpose, direction
combination of issues must not be barriers
regaining/maintaining major domain’s essential for recovery

Question 17

Culture of older people

Answer 17

MH care congruent with cultural background/expectations

older person alliance - connectedness with practitioner

Question 18

Active ageing

Answer 18

economic determinants, health/social services, behavioural, personal, physical environments, social

Question 19

Human connectedness (ageing)

Answer 19

listening to older person narrative, life before MH
life well-lived - diverse experiences, unique values
practitioner/client r/ship
protection of rights of older people and ensuring provision of services

Question 20

The dignity of risk (ageing)

Answer 20

emerged from disability sector
MH services become risk-averse environments
care - risk management at expense of therapeutic r/ship
balancing potential risk VS autonomy
multidisciplinary teams

Question 21

Elder abuse (ageing)

Answer 21

occurs in own homes, by family, staff
violation of rights
1. psychological 
2. physical 
3. sexual
4. financial 
5. neglect

Question 22

Capacity and competency (ageing)

Answer 22

questions: decision making capacity + competence tested
decision making capacity = clinical assessment, ability to make decisions on health
competency = legal def, capacity to reason/make decisions

Question 23

Cognitive decline, depression, delirium or dementia? Getting the diagnosis right (ageing)

Answer 23

difficult to recognise, identify, diagnose cognitive changes
cognitive decline part of ageing
rapid decline - DSM-5

Question 24

Depression (ageing)

Answer 24

enduring, increased physical disability, cog impairment, mortality
15-20% older people affected
severe - 3%
depression considered in many contexts

Question 25

Dementia (ageing)

Answer 25

age - risk factor 
65+ 5% dementia 
80+ 20%
2/3 will never receive diagnosis + ineligible for services 
sectors failure to diagnose

Question 26

Older people and suicide (ageing)

Answer 26

older men higher risk + depression risk factor
fewer warning signs, cues, less history of attempts, physical illness/impairment
suicide attempts more lethal

Question 27

An ethical framework to underpin practice (ageing)

Answer 27

1. caring about - needs, attention to the person, strategies/actions
2. taking care of - responsibility of activities
3. care giving - specific needs, routines, wider world
4. care receiving - respond/decline care, assess needs met

Question 28

The future mental health workforce for older people (ageing)

Answer 28

broad skills/knowledge
development of advanced practice roles
enhance care - assessments, early intervention, complex interventions