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Biology > *Diet&Digestion > Flashcards

*Diet&Digestion Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many nutrient groups are there?

A

7

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2
Q

Name the 7 nutrient groups

A 
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals 
Water
Fibre
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3
Q

Give an example of Carbohydrates

A

Starchy foods eg/ pasta, bread ,rice

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4
Q

Give an example of proteins

A

Chicken, fish, beans

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5
Q

Give an example of Fats

A

Fried foods, butter, chocolate

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6
Q

Give an example of vitamins

A

Vitamin A,B,C

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7
Q

Give examples of minerals

A

Calcium, iron

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8
Q

Give examples of water

A

All drinks, fresh fruit

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9
Q

Give examples of fibre

A

Cereals, wholemeal

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10
Q

What do carbohydrates do?

A

Give us energy

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11
Q

What do proteins do?

A

Growth and repair

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12
Q

What do fats do?

A

Give us energy and insulation

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13
Q

What do vitamins do?

A

Helps with good eye sight

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14
Q

What do minerals do?

A

Helps bones and teeth and keeps red blood cells healthy

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15
Q

What does water do?

A

Keep us healthy and hydrated

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16
Q

What does fibre do?

A

Adds bulk to food, gives us energy and keeps us healthy

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17
Q

What is a deficiency of carbohydrates

A

Starvation if too little

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18
Q

What is a deficiency of protein?

A

Kwashiorkor

19
Q

What is a deficiency of fat

A

Starvation if too little

20
Q

What is a deficiency of vitamins

A

Problems seeing in low light

21
Q

What is a deficiency of minerals

A

Anaemia

22
Q

What is a deficiency of water

A

Dehydration

23
Q

What is a deficiency of fibre

A

Prevents constipation and bowel cancer

24
Q

What does malnutrition mean

A

That a diet is not balanced, a person my be having too much or too little of a particular food group

25
Q

What does starvation mean

A

When a person does not eat enough of any food, this causes tiredness

26
Q

What is the name of the test for starch?

A

Iodine test

27
Q

What is the name of the test for sugar

A

Benedicts test

28
Q

What is the name of the test for protein

A

Biuret test

29
Q

What is the name of the test for fat

A

Paper spot test

30
Q

What colour does the starch test turn out as

A

Orange/yellow to blue/black

31
Q

What colour does the test for sugar turn out as

A

Turns from blue to green to brick red

32
Q

What colour does the test for protein turn out as

A

Starts a pale blue and turns to violet

33
Q

What colour does the test for fat turn out as

A

It leaves a greasy translucent stain on the paper where fat is present

34
Q

What is a healthy diet and why should you not eat too much fat

A

A healthy diet is a balance of all the food groups and getting your 5 a day, eating too much fat is unhealthy because consumer is too much can result in obesity

35
Q

Why is digestion necessary

A

The food we eat must be broken down into small soluble molecules before they can be absorbed into the blood stream

36
Q

What are the 5 stages of digestion

A 
Ingestion 
Digestion 
Absorption 
Assimilation 
Egestion
37
Q

Name the 3 types of enzymes

A

Amylase
Protease
Lipase

38
Q

What does Amylase do

A

Breaks down carbohydrates e.g starch into simple sugars

39
Q

What does protease do

A

Breaks down proteins into amino acids

40
Q

What does Lipase do

A

Breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

41
Q

What is peristalsis

A

The process of wave-like muscle contractions of the alimentary tract that moves food along

42
Q

How are germs killed in the stomach

A

Glands in the stomach wall release hydrochloric acid

43
Q

How is the surface area of the digestive system increased in the ileum ( small intestine)

A

To help food to pass into the bloodstream the small intestine has a massive surface area of 300m for the absorption of digested food. The inner walls are folded so there is a larger surface

44
Q

How can the products of digestion be carried round the body

A

The soluble products ie glucose and amino acids are then absorbed through the intestinal wall into the blood where they are carried to cells throughout the body to provide energy

Biology (8 decks)

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