Diet + Digestion

Question 1

What are the 7 nutrient groups?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamins, minerals, fibre, water

Question 2

What is malnutrition?

Answer 2

Unbalanced diet
Not getting enough of a nutrient
Results in obesity and puts strain on the heart

Question 3

What is starvation?

Answer 3

Not having enough of any nutrient group
Common in developing countries (more famines)
NOT GETTING ENOUGH FOOD

Question 4

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 4

Eating correct amount of food groups appropriate for our lifestyle.

Question 5

What do carbs do and provide a source.

Answer 5

Vital for energy.
Starch/sugar/cellulose
Pasta,bread,rice

Question 6

What does too much and too little carbs do?

Answer 6

Too little = starvation
Too much = excess fat

Question 7

What does protein do and give sources.

Answer 7

Needed for cell growth + repair
E.g meat, eggs, pulses

Question 8

What is protein made up of?

Answer 8

Amino acid molecules (essential in diet)

Question 9

What does not enough protein result in?

Answer 9

Kwashiorkor

Question 10

What is fat (lipids) and give sources.

Answer 10

Provides energy + stores energy. Insulates body.
E.g oil, butter, cheese

Question 11

What does not enough fat mean?

Answer 11

Not enough = weak immune system, hairloss + rashes.

Question 12

What are minerals necessary for. Name types of minerals.

Answer 12

Necessary for plant/animal health. Require small amounts. Energy + health.
E.g calcium in milk
Iron in red meat
Sodium in salt

Question 13

What does not enough iron and calcium lead to?

Answer 13

Iron- not enough = anemia
Calcium- not enough= rickets

Question 14

What do vitamins do and give sources.

Answer 14

Organic, maintain immune system.
Vitamin A=carrots, leafy green veg
Vitamin C= citrus fruits e,g oranges and lemons
Vitamin D= oily fish, egg

Question 15

What happens if we don’t get enough vitamin A?

Answer 15

Problems seeing in low light

Question 16

What happens if we don’t get enough vitamin D?

Answer 16

We develop rickets/osteoporosis

Question 17

What happens if we don’t get enough vitamin c?

Answer 17

We can develop scurvy (deficiency disease)

Question 18

What does dietary fibre do and give sources.

Answer 18

Cannot be digested, keeps food moving through gut
E,g veg, bran, wholegrains

Question 19

What does water do?

Answer 19

Necessary for cell function + body fluids.
Used to transport nutrients around body.

Question 20

How much of our body is water?

Answer 20

70%

Question 21

What happens when you don’t drink enough water?

Answer 21

Dehydration

Question 22

Name the food tests we have carried out

Answer 22

Starch, sugar, fat, protein

Question 23

What reagent do we use to test for starch?

Answer 23

Iodine

Question 24

What is the colour change for a positive result of starch?

Answer 24

Yellow/brown to blue/black

Question 25

What reagent do we use to test for sugar?

Answer 25

Benedict’s solution

Question 26

What is the colour change for a positive test of sugar?

Answer 26

Blue to green to brick red

Question 27

What reagent do we use to test for protein?

Answer 27

Biuret solution

Question 28

What is the colour change for a positive result of protein?

Answer 28

Pale blue to lilac/purple

Question 29

What test do we use to test for fat?

Answer 29

Emulsion test or Paper spot test

Question 30

What is a positive result of fat in the emulsion test?

Answer 30

White emulsion forms at top of boiling tube

Question 31

What is a positive result of fat for paper spot test?

Answer 31

Translucent stain left on paper

Question 32

What is the danger of fat?

Answer 32

Twice as much energy as carbs.
If too much, a large strain is put on heart. A heart attack can occur due to bloodclot

Question 33

What is the danger of salt?

Answer 33

High blood pressure. Heart cannot respond during exercise.

Question 34

What is processed food?

Answer 34

Fortified, low nutritional content food