Diet, Dietary Manipulation, And Optimum Weight Flashcards
What are the 7 components of a balanced diet
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Fibre, Water
What is the main function of carbohydrates in the diet
They provide the body with energy for exercise and daily activities
Why is protein important for athletes
It helps with muscle growth and repair
What is the role of fats in the body
Fats provide a secondary source of energy, help with insulation, and protect vital organs.
Why are vitamins and minerals important
They support bone health, immune function, and energy production (e.g., calcium for bones, iron for oxygen transport).
What is dietary manipulation
The planned control of food and drink intake to enhance performance before, during, or after exercise.
What is carbohydrate loading, and who uses it
It’s when endurance athletes increase carb intake before an event to maximize glycogen stores for energy.
Why is hydration important in sport
Water helps regulate body temperature, transport nutrients, and prevent fatigue and cramps.
What are the effects of dehydration on performance
It can cause dizziness, muscle cramps, reduced concentration, and decreased endurance.
What is optimum weight
The ideal weight for an individual, based on factors like height, gender, muscle mass, and bone structure.
Name three factors that affect optimum weight.
-Height (taller people generally weigh more).
-Muscle mass (more muscle increases weight).
-Bone density (heavier bones add to weight).
Why do different sports require different optimum weights
Some sports favour lighter athletes (e.g., marathon running), while others require heavier/muscular builds (e.g., rugby, weightlifting).
What is the difference between overweight and obese
-Overweight means exceeding the recommended weight for height.
-Obese means having excess body fat that negatively affects health.
What is BMI, and how is it calculated
Body Mass Index measures body fat based on weight and height.
Formula: BMI = weight (kg) ÷ height² (m²)
