Diencephalon Flashcards
What are the parts of the Diencephalon?
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary
- Mammillary bodies
- Epithalamus (Pineal body)
What are the functions of ventroposterolateral nuclus of the thalamus?
Sensory from body and limbs
What are the functions of ventroposteromedial nuclus of the thalamus?
Sensory from face, taste
What are the functions of ventral anterior nucleus and ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus?
Motor info from BG, cerebellum
What are the functions of lateral geniculate body of the thalamus?
Visual from optic tract
L for the light
What are the functions of medial geniculate body of the thalamus?
Auditory from inferior colliculus
M for the music
What are the functions of anterior nuclear group of the thalamus?
Input - Mamillary nucleus (via mammillothalamic tract)
What are the functions of mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus?
(Dorsomedial nucleus). Involved in memory. Damaged in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
What are the functions of hypothalamus?
- homeostasis
- autonomic regulation
- endocrine regulation
- limbic system
What are the functions of Lateral hypothalamic nucleus?
Feeding center; lesion → starvation
What are the functions of Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus?
Satiety center; lesion → hyperphagia, obesity, savage behavior
What are the functions of Suprachiasmatic hypothalamic nucleus?
Regulates circadian rhythms, receives direct retinal input
What are the functions of Supraoptic and
paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei?
Synthesizes ADH and oxytocin; regulates water balance
Lesion → diabetes insipidus, characterized by polydipsia and polyuria
What are the functions of Mamillary body?
Input from hippocampus; damaged in Wernicke encephalopathy
What are the functions of Arcuate hypothalamic nucleus?
Produces hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting factors and gives rise to tuberohypophysial tract
Has neurons that produce dopamine (prolactin-inhibiting factor)
