Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
How to distinguish right from left side of the brain?
Temporal lobe points the side
How are parts of the body located on pre- and postcentral gyrus?
Head and upper limbs - laterally (MCA)
Lower limbs - medially (ACA)
Trunk - in between (watershed infarct)
What is the source of an intraventricular hemorrhage in infants?
Germinal matrix vessels
What are the features of “locked-in” syndrome?
Occlusion of basilar artery:
- quadriplegia
- can’t speak
- understands
- can blink
What is expressive aphasia?
Lesion to Broca area:
- poor talk
- can understand written and spoken language
- lower face and upper arm weakness
- frustrated
What is receptive aphasia?
Lesion to Wernicke area:
- don’t understand language
- misusing words (Word salad)
- bilateral hearing weakness
- not frustrated
What is Grestmann Syndrome?
Lesion to angular gyrus (inferior part of dominant parietal lobe):
- can’t read (alexia)
- can’t write (agraphia)
- finger agnosia
- can’t solve math (acalculia)
- not frustrated
What is conduction aphasia?
Lesion to arcuate fasciculi between Broca and Wernicke areas:
- speech is normal
- understanding of speech is normal
- can’t respond to commands and questions
What do all aphasia have in common?
- agraphia
- can’t repeat
What is Asomatognosia?
Lesion to nondominant (right) parietal lobe:
- unilateral neglect (denying opposite body)
- lesion to non-Myer’s loop fascies => left homonymous lower quadrantanopia
What tracts do pass through different parts of an Internal capsule and what is the blood supply of it?
Anterior limb:
Medial striate br. of ACA
Thalamocortical
Genu:
Lenticulostriate br. of MCA
Corticobulbar
Posterior limb:
Lenticulostriate br. of MCA
Corticospinal, all somatosensory thalamocortical projections
What are the symptoms of the lesions in Internal Capsule?
- genu: contralateral lower face weakness
- posterior limb: contralateral HEMIparesis and HEMIanesthesia
