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Vet Physio Dictionary > Dictionary Terms 315-415 > Flashcards

Dictionary Terms 315-415 Flashcards

1
Q

Single break of bone, aligned at an angle across the bone

A

Oblique fracture (orthopaedics)

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2
Q

To cut off or obstruct

A

Occlude

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3
Q

The fit (bite) of upper against lower teeth

A

Occlusion

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4
Q

Part of the elbow

A

Olecranon

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5
Q

A procedure where the broken bone is surgically exposed in order to reduce a fracture

A

Open

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6
Q

Extreme rigidity of all extensors. Creates marked lordosis and limb extension. Usually due to head injury /epilepsy

A

Opisthotonus

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7
Q

Caudal portion of oral cavity

A

Oropharynx

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8
Q

Puffiness around the fetlock joints

A

Osselets

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9
Q

Small bones

A

Ossicles

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10
Q

The formation of bone

A

Ossification

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11
Q

A condition that may lead to scarring and/or bone formation in injured muscles. Hind limbs are most commonly affected

A

Ossifying

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12
Q

Inflammation of bone

A

Osteitis

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13
Q

Permanent bony changes and inflammation of a joint

A

Osteoarthritis (orthopaedics)

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14
Q

Bone forming cell

A

Osteoblast

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15
Q

Poor calcification of hyaline cartilage leads to dehiscence of a cartilage flap. This may break off to float inside the joint (joint mouse)

A

Osteochondritis dessicans (OCD) (orthopaedics)

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16
Q

A disorder of cartilage growth that may affect the growth plate of the Articular cartilage. Early stage of OCD

A

Osteochondrosis

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17
Q

A bone cell that responds to hormones to maintain normal calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood

A

Osteocyte

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18
Q

Infection of bone, usually bacterial in origin, which is accompanied by the formation of pus

A

Osteomyelitis

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19
Q

Loss of bone calcium

A

Osteopaenia

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20
Q

Reduction in bone density

A

Osteoporosis

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21
Q

Malignant tumour of the bone

A

Osteosarcoma

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22
Q

The surgical cutting of bone

A

Osteotomy

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23
Q

Intra-Articular stifle surgery to replace a torn cranial cruciate ligament

A

Over-the-top technique (OTT)

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24
Q

The cellular burning of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids to produce ATP

A

Oxidation

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25
Q

The oxygen consumed after exercise to enable the restoration of the resting state

A

Oxygen debt

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26
Q

Alleviation of a clinical sign of disease without any specific treatment having been given

A

Palliation

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27
Q

Ventral aspect of the carpus/metacarpus and phalanges

A

Palmer

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28
Q

Permanent section of the Palmer digital nerves to resolve the signs of navicular syndrome. The pathology may increase after this procedure

A

Palmer digital neurectomy

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29
Q

Can be detected by feel

A

Palpable

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30
Q

To examine by touch

A

Palpate

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31
Q

Paralysis

A

Palsy

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32
Q

Lack of control of a particular body part

A

Paralysis

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33
Q

A pair of glands adjacent to the thyroid, these secrete PTH (parathyroid hormone), which is essential for regulation of calcium and phosphorus balance

A

Parathyroid glands

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34
Q

Weakness of movement

A

Paresis

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35
Q

Dental malformation in which the lower jaw is shortened

A

Parrot mouth

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36
Q

The joint between the short and long Pastern bones

A

Pastern

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37
Q

Triangular sesamoid bone in front of the knee I.e. Kneecap

A

Patella

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38
Q

Congenital displacement of the kneecap

A

Patellar

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39
Q

Sign unique to a disease that allows a specific diagnosis

A

Pathognomonic

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40
Q

Increased vascularisation and demineralisation affecting the confines bone. This usually arises from secondary inflammation

A

Pedal

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41
Q

Short chains <10 amino acids; these are the building blocks of proteins

A

Peptide

42
Q

Present less than 6 hours

A

Peracute

43
Q

An abnormal collection of fluid in the pericardial sac

A

Pericardial

44
Q

Inflammation or infection of the pericardium

A

Pericarditis

45
Q

A thin membranous sac around the heart that provides protection from any disease affecting adjacent structures. It also stabilises the hearts position

A

Pericardium

46
Q

Nerve block. Widely used to diagnose the seat of pain in equine lameness

A

Perineural anaesthesia

47
Q

Ligament composed of small fibres attaching the tooth to the jawbone

A

Periodontal

48
Q

Surgical procedure to correct angular limb deformities in foals

A

Periosteal

49
Q

Connective tissue sheath of bone; it contains a nutrient rich blood supply providing nutrition, repair, growth and protection of underlying bone

A

Periostium

50
Q

Composed of cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves and connections to sensory receptors

A

Peripheral

51
Q

A cell such as a neutrophil or macrophage that is capable of engulfing and digesting minute particles

A

Phagocyte

52
Q

Any bone forming part of a finger or toe

A

Phalanx

53
Q

Area covering from rear of mouth and nasal passages to the larynx and oesophagus

A

Pharynx

54
Q

Limb movement in front of the vertical axis of that limb

A

Phase, cranial/posterior

55
Q

Limb movement behind the vertical axis of that limb

A

Phase, anterior/caudal

56
Q

Non-weight bearing movement of a limb

A

Phase, flight

57
Q

Weight bearing movement of a limb

A

Phase, stance

58
Q

Muscles capable of short and repeated contraction. Main muscle type in mammals. Also called a twitch muscle

A

Phasic muscle

59
Q

The physical characteristics of an organism. Special tests are needed to determine the genotype

A

Phenotype

60
Q

Infection of a vein. Seen if an intravenous catheter is left in too long

A

Phlebitis

61
Q

This condition unique to horses is an inflammation of blood vessels which is specifically triggered by exposure to sunlight

A

Photo-Agravated vasculitis

62
Q

The energy unit of electromagnetic radiation, this has properties of both a wave and a particle. Visible light is made up of photons

A

Photon

63
Q

The area where new bone originates, between a metaphysis and epiphysis. Aka growth plate

A

Physis

64
Q

Inflammation of the growth plates. Seen in giant breeds of dog and thoroughbred horses over fed with a high protein diet

A

Physitis

65
Q

The external flap of the ear

A

Pinna

66
Q

Endocrine gland situated at the base of the brain, this stores and secretes many hormones

A

Pituitary

67
Q

Section or line of division

A

Plane

68
Q

Middle vertical plane which divides an animal into two equal halves

A

Plane, median

69
Q

Same as Sagittal plane

A

Plane, paramedian

70
Q

Plane parallel to the middle vertical (median) plane

A

Plane, sagittal

71
Q

Section across the body, creating cranial and caudal, or proximal and distal segments

A

Plane, transverse

72
Q

The central aspect of the tarsus/metatarsus and phalanges

A

Plantar

73
Q

The fluid part of the blood

A

Plasma

74
Q

Plateau

A

Flat surface, usually of a joint

75
Q

Cell fragments involved in coagulation

A

Platelets

76
Q

A thin membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity

A

Pleura

77
Q

Excess of fluid in the pleural cavity

A

Pleural effusion

78
Q

Inflammation occurring in more than one nerve

A

Polyneuritis

79
Q

Inflammation of the membrane lining a joint

A

Polysinovitis

80
Q

Partial paralysis occurring in one or both hind limbs

A

Posterior paresis

81
Q

Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Aged horses. Aka Cushing’s syndrome. EMS may progress to PPID

A

PPID

82
Q

A condition characterised by an elongation of the lower jaw

A

Prognathism

83
Q

Name given to a group of fatty acid compounds regulating physiological processes such as allergic reactions, contraction of smooth muscle, clotting and dilation of blood vessels

A

Prostaglandins

84
Q

Movement of a limb forwards in locomotion, normally non-weight bearing

A

Protaction

85
Q

Deep infection of the lateral cartilages. Requires surgery

A

Quittor

86
Q

A photographic image produced by X-rays. Developed in the same way as normal photographic film. Used to visualise bony defects

A

Radiograph

87
Q

Genetic exchange taking place between chromosomes. This produces a new set of genes

A

Recombination

88
Q

Lying down

A

Recumbent

89
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells

90
Q

The process of setting a fracture

A

Reduction

91
Q

Muscle movement (with no conscious control) in response to a stimulus

A

Reflex

92
Q

Age-related degeneration of the kidneys. Leads to high levels of urea and creatinine in the blood

A

Renal failure

93
Q

Movement of a limb backwards in locomotion, normally weight bearing

A

Retraction

94
Q

Malignant tumour of striated muscle cells

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

95
Q

Bony raised line on a bone, essentially a long tuberosity

A

Ridge

96
Q

DJD of the proximal Interphalangeal joint (PIP)

A

High ringbone

97
Q

DJD of the distal Interphalangeal joint (DIP)

A

Low ringbone

98
Q

A point further forward than the cranium

A

Rostral

99
Q

Twisting of a limb to create a toe out stance

A

Rotation, external

100
Q

Twisting of a limb to create a toe in stance

A

Rotation, internal

Vet Physio Dictionary (5 decks)

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