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Vet Physio Dictionary > Dictionary Terms 108-213 > Flashcards

Dictionary Terms 108-213 Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic changes within a joint including deposition of periarticular new bone. Same as osteoarthritis

A

Degenerative joint disease (DJD)

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2
Q

Release of granules from a cell

A

Degranulation

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3
Q

Breakdown of healing at the site of a wound or suture

A

Dehiscence

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4
Q

Multiple extensions of a neurone to create a tree like structure. Has multiple synaptic inputs from other neurones

A

Dendrite

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5
Q

DNA. The chemical basis of genetic material of living cells

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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6
Q

Inflammation of a ligament

A

Desmitis

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7
Q

Disease typified by abnormal thirst and urination

A

Diabetes insipidus (DI)

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8
Q

Disease typified by high blood glucose. Several forms. Requires dietary management and/or insulin injections. wound infections are more troublesome

A

Diabetes mellitus (DM)

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9
Q

Central shaft of long bone

A

Diaphysis

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10
Q

Joint comprising lubricating fluid, hyaline cartilage and synovial membrane/joint capsule

A

Diarthrosis

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11
Q

Space between teeth. In horses this refers to the area between the incisors and premolars

A

Diastema

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12
Q

Inflammation of vertebral disc

A

Discospondylitis (orthopaedics)

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13
Q

More distant from the axial skeleton

A

Distal

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14
Q

Loss of muscle mass due to lack of use. Technically this is a hypotrophy

A

Disuse atrophy

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15
Q

Long skull, Maxilla and premaxilla. Can be parrot mouthed or brachygnathic. Greyhounds are typical

A

Dolichocephalic

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16
Q

Towards the top of the animal.

A

Dorsal

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17
Q

Removal of one of more of the dorsal spinous processes and the vertebral arch to decompress the spinal cord in thoracic-lumbar regions

A

Dorsal laminectomy (orthopaedics)

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18
Q

Lying upside down

A

Dorsal recumbency

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19
Q

Bending of spine in the median plane to for, a U-shape

A

Dorsiflexion

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20
Q

An abnormality in development, size or shape of a cell

A

Dysplasia

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21
Q

Protein in connective tissues making fibres flexible

A

Elastin

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22
Q

Range of frequencies of radiation from radio waves (lowest) through microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, and X-rays to gamma rays (highest)

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

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23
Q

Examination of the electrical activity of muscles; used for diagnostic purposes

A

Electromyography

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24
Q

Separation of components of a mixture using an applied electrical field as this causes differing migration of components

A

Electrophoresis

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25
Q

Electrical surgical procedure to remove tissue or to seal blood vessels e.g. Electrocautery

A

Electrosurgery

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26
Q

Hormone imbalance which leads to disease

A

Endocrinology

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27
Q

Examination of internal cavity or organ using an endoscope

A

Endoscopy

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28
Q

Inflammation of small intestine

A

Enteritis

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29
Q

Muscles dorsal to spinal column. Creates dorsiflexion

A

Epaxial (muscles)

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30
Q

Same as adrenaline

A

Epinephrine

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31
Q

End of a long bone

A

Epiphysis

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32
Q

Condition similar to rickets affecting ends of long bones. Leads to enlarged, painful joints

A

Epiphysitis

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33
Q

A chronic progressive disease that effects young horses. It is related to vitamin E deficiency and is characterised by gait abnormalities

A

Equine Degenerative Myeloencephalopathy

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34
Q

A collection of biochemical faults in horses typified by raised plasma glucose, hyoerinsulinaemia and laminitis. May be the forerunner of PPID

A

Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS)

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35
Q

Red blood cells. No nucleus once fully mature, produced by the red marrow. Lifetime approx. 90-120 days

A

Erythrocytes

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36
Q

Full thickness skin lesion formed in the healing process. Healing is prevented. Requires surgery.

A

Eschar

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37
Q

Cause of a disease

A

Etiology

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38
Q

Normal growth

A

Euplasia

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39
Q

Normal tissue mass

A

Eutrophy

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40
Q

Muscle diseases arising as a result of exertion. These include Azoturia and endurance related myopathies

A

Exertional Rhabdomyolysis

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41
Q

The bending of a joint to increase the angle between the bones which make the joint

A

Extension

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42
Q

Small sesamoid bones at the caudodistal part of the femur. Attachment points for gastrocnemius

A

Fabellae

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43
Q

Sheets of fibrous tissue that sheath the muscles and define their shape

44
Q

Frequent, small localised muscle contractions

A

Fasciculations

45
Q

Mammalian skeletal muscle fibres (type 2)

A

Fast twitch

46
Q

Joint between long pastern and cannon bones

47
Q

An insoluble protein that forms nucleus of clot

48
Q

Clotting factor in the blood. The enzyme thrombin converts it into its active form fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

49
Q

An immature fibrocyte

A

Fibroblast

50
Q

Form of cartilage with high collagen content. Used as a shock absorber e.g. Intervertebral discs

A

Fibrocartilage

51
Q

Malignant tumour of connective tissue cells

A

Fibrosarcoma

52
Q

The formation of tough connective tissue, scarring

53
Q

Infected tracts forming around the withers

A

Fistulous withers

54
Q

The bending of a joint to reduce the angle between the bones which make the joint

55
Q

Controls maturation of the ovum and ovulation

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

56
Q

Natural hole in a bone

57
Q

Common name for laminitis

58
Q

Triangular thickened area in the middle of the sole of the hoof. Shock absorber and blood pumping actions

59
Q

Sudden and intense onset, coming to a peak

60
Q

Dark line, vertically orientated, that forms on the outside of the upper lateral incisors. Length and appearance of this line may be useful in determining the age of a horse

A

Galvayne’s groove

61
Q

Reproductive cells having a single set of chromosomes

62
Q

Decay and tissue death usually due to loss of blood supply and bacterial invasion of tissue

63
Q

Region of hind limb below stifle I.e. Tibia

64
Q

Inflammation of the stomach

65
Q

Genetic makeup of a cell. Determines the phenotype

66
Q

Hinge joint

67
Q

Simple carbohydrate. Used in many metabolic processes as an energy source

68
Q

Steroid hormones secreted by adrenal glands. These exert an anti-inflammatory effect on arthritis and dermatitis

A

Glucosteroids

69
Q

Complex branched carbohydrate broken down into glucose when needed by the body. Stored in liver and muscles

70
Q

Enlarged thyroid

71
Q

Of the stifle, or genu

72
Q

Develops at the site of a healing wound. This newly formed tissue is rich I’m blood vessels but lacks nerve endings

A

Granulation

73
Q

Accumulation of white blood cells at an offending agent. This lesion is indicative of chronic infection

74
Q

Drainage at the coronary band of the foot caused by infection ravelling up the hoof wall

75
Q

Acute dermatitis under the fetlock

A

Greasy heel

76
Q

Large collection of neurone bodies within the CNS

A

Grey matter (neurology)

77
Q

Effect on many tissues to stimulate growth

A

Growth hormone (GH)

78
Q

See ‘physis’

A

Growth plate

79
Q

Learning process whereby response to a stimulus gradually declines. Animal eventually becomes desensitised and no longer responds to the stimulus

A

Habituation

80
Q

Oxygen-carrying 4-part protein inside red blood cells. Contains and haem unit, which carries an iron ion

A

Haemoglobin (Hb)

81
Q

Bone and tissue making up the roof of the mouth. It separates the oral and nasal cavities

A

Hard palate

82
Q

COPD, SAD or SAPD. The end stage of these diseases causing marked hyper trophy of the abdominal muscles,as seen by the ‘heave line’ during expiration. Double expiratory effort seen

83
Q

Removal of part of the vertebral arch to decompress the spinal cord in thoracic to lumbar regions

A

Hemilaminectomy (orthopaedics)

84
Q

Form of cartilage found on joint surfaces, growth plates and healing bones

A

Hyaline (orthopaedics)

85
Q

Muscles ventral to the spinal column. Generally refers to the muscles causing ventroflexion, but technically most muscles are hypaxial

A

Hypaxial (muscles)

86
Q

The bending of a joint to increase the angle between the bones which make the joint, beyond 180 degrees

A

Hyperextension

87
Q

Increase in cell numbers

A

Hyperplasia

88
Q

Increased thyroid activity mainly seen in older cats. May see sudden hindlimb paralysis due to blood clots

A

Hyperthyroidism

89
Q

Muscle has more palpable tone than normal

A

Hypertonic (palpation)

90
Q

Increase in tissue mass. Due to an increase in cell size, not cell numbers

A

Hypertrophy

91
Q

Decrease in cell mass due to a decrease in cell numbers

A

Hypoplasia

92
Q

Muscle has less palpable tone than normal

A

Hypotonic (palpation)

93
Q

Decrease in tissue mass. Due to a decrease in cell size, not cell number

A

Hypotrophy

94
Q

Having no known cause

A

Idiopathic

95
Q

Antibodies

A

Immunoglobulins

96
Q

Localised tissue death as a result of an obstructed blood supply

97
Q

Tube like space in the centre of incisors and cheek teeth. In equine teeth this is filled or nearly filled with cementum

A

Infundibulum (anatomy)

98
Q

Distribution of nerves to a particular area

A

Innervation

99
Q

Old name for the pelvis (os coaxae)

A

Innominate bone (anatomy)

100
Q

See equine metabolic syndrome

A

Insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus

101
Q

The skin

A

Integument (anatomy)

102
Q

Specialised group of protein molecules able to inhibit growth of tumour cells, to inhibit rep,I cation of viruses and to modulate certain compounds of the immune system

A

Interferons

103
Q

Area outside cells, but still within the organic matrix

A

Interstitial (anatomy)

104
Q

Able to change atoms to ions (charged atoms). Ionising radiation includes X-rays and radioactive isotopes

105
Q

Caused by loss of blood supply

106
Q

Endocrine cells of the pancreas. Cells in this area are the source of insulin

A

Islets of Langerhans

Vet Physio Dictionary (5 decks)

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