Diarrhea

Question 1

How to treat C. Jejuni infection ?

Answer 1

Its one of the most common causes of Diarrhea and rehydration is a must ( oral or IV ) Antibiotics is given in these cases : more than 1 week, pregnancy, HIV or low immune system, bloody diharea, high fever 🤒

It’s a gram negative organism so
The best Antibiotic for it is Azithromycin

Question 2

Why Antibiotics are contraindicated in E.coli infection?

Answer 2

No antibiotics are effective against enterohemorrhagic E.coli. most of them exacerbate Shiga toxin resulting in higher risk of developing Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)
Also Antidiharreal is not recommended in all infectious Diarrhea

So the ttt is rehydration ( usually oral )

Also the ptn should avoid public places until the infection is resolved

Question 3

Signs of Hemolytic uremic syndrome ?

Answer 3

Suspected in ptn with E.coli infection with these symptoms:
Dehydration, low urine output, periorbital and ankle oedema, generalized abdominal tenderness without dissension or oragnanomegaly.

Lab test: 
Low Hemoglobin
Low hematocrit 
Low platelets
High creatinine 
High reticulocyte 
Stool analysis show E.coli

Question 4

Which food mostly contain enterohemorrhagic E.coli?

Answer 4

Undercooked beef

Question 5

What is the most likely prognosis of typical Hemolytic uremic syndrome?

Answer 5

Usually full recovery and the renal failure is temporary

Question 6

How can you confirm HUS by laboratory findings?

Answer 6

One of the ways is

Large number of schistocytes on blood smear