DIARREA INFECCIOSA Flashcards

1
Q

Causas de diarrea aguda?

A

Diarrea <2sem
* Virus: Rotavirus, norovirus, CMV
* Bacterias : E coli, Shingella, salmonella, Vibrio cholerae, C difficile
* Parasitos Giardia, entamoeba histolytica
* Hongos

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2
Q

Causas de diarrea cronica?

A

> 4 sem
* Infecciones
* Trastornos de motilidad, sindromes malaabsorcion, endocrinopatias, neoplasias
* Farmacos, dieta
* Diarrea inflamatória: EII y diverticulitis

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3
Q

Factores relacionados con la diarrea?

A

Factores ambiental: Higiene, dieta, climas tropicale,s invierno, verano, bajo nivel socio
Factores del huesped: Higiene personal, edad, hipo/ aclorhidria, motilidad intestina, microbiota alt, inmunidad intestinal alterada
Factores microbianos: Factores de virulencia
(Capacidad de adherencias, invasion de mucosa), toxinas

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4
Q

Tipos de infeccion enterica?

A
  1. No inflamatoria
  2. Inflamatoria
  3. Penetrante
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5
Q

Diarrea, acuosa, en ID, profundidad superficial, leucocitos y lactoferrina N, n/v, DA leve, febricula y deshidratacion

A

No inflamatoria

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6
Q

Disenteria, afecta colon, profunda, con aumento de leucocitos y leucoferrina, DA intenso, fiebre, signos de toxicidad

A

Inflamatoria

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7
Q

Causa de Diarrea penetrante/ fiebre tifoide?

A

Salmonella

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8
Q

Causas de diarrea no inflamatoria?

A

Norovirus, ECET, SA, C perfrigens, vibrio choloreae

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9
Q

Diarrea, fiebre alta y persistente, penetrante, afecta ID distal, leucocitos elevados, debilidad y fatiga

A

Fiebre enterica/ tifoide, penetrante

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10
Q

Causas de diarrea inflamatoria?

A

Shingella, salmonella, ECEH, C difficile, entamoeba histolitica

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11
Q

Evaluacion del paciente con diarrea

A
  • Edad
  • Gravedad y duracion
  • Tipo de diarrea
  • Deshidratacion: s/s de deshidratacion (Letargia, HipoTA, TC ,Depresion de fontanelas, sequedad Arritmias )
  • HC y EF
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12
Q

TTO

A
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13
Q

Estudios de paciente con diarrea?

A
  • Lab: Hemograma, ionograma, FR, PCR, FH, protrombina
  • Examen de heces
  • RX, TAC, RM
  • VEDA, VCC
  • Biopsia
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14
Q

Examen de heces

A
  • Muestra fresca
  • Lactoferrina fecal
  • Leucocitos
  • PCR
  • Toxina de clostridium difficile
  • Coprocultivo
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