Dialysis and transplant rest of URO on another deck

Question 1

basis of haemodialysis and access for this?

Answer 1

blood passed through artificial kidneys
usually via arteriovenous fistula (requires local anaesthetic procedure)
or central venous line

Question 2

what is a typical treatment schedule for haemodialysis?

Answer 2

2-4.5hr treatment 3x week

4 treatment free days a week

Question 3

basis of peritoneal dialysis?

Answer 3

involves instillation of hypertonic solution to peritoneal cavity which serves as filtration membrane
performed at home

Question 4

what is a typical treatment schedule for peritoneal dialysis?

Answer 4

7 days a week

can have a weekend off if needed

Question 5

pros/cons of haemodialysis

Answer 5

-strict dietary constraints, salt/water restrictions
-needs venous/arterial access
-usually needs dialysis centre
-central venous line carries infection risk
+ allows 4 treatment free days a week

Question 6

pros/cons of peritoneal dialysis

Answer 6

• risk of infections or peritonitis
• 7 days a week
  +performed at home
  +can travel easily
  +draining can be done anywhere
  +less constraints on food/water

Question 7

factors for consideration of live kidney donor

Answer 7

age
comorbidities
kidney matching
future pregnancy
mental health history
financial stability
two healthy kidneys
family history of kidney disease

Question 8

how is kidney matching done

Answer 8

blood type compatibility
HLA typing
serum crossmatch

Question 9

what is the anatomy of a kidney transplant?

Answer 9

kidney and ureter transplanted
along with a donro renal vein and artery
attached at common iliac artery and vein

Question 10

what are the general recommendations for post transplant patients?

Answer 10

immunosuppressive meds
flu jabs - NO LIVE VACCINES
no NSAIDs/herbal meds
no alcohol or rec drugs
no smoking
potentially antibiotics

Question 11

diet recommendations post transplant surgery

Answer 11

no raw foods, unpasteurised cheese/milk
regular fluid intake
no food items that interact with immunosuppressants - grapefruit etc
low salt and sugar diet

Question 12

what are the principles for post transplant recommendations?

Answer 12

anything good for the heart good for the kidneys
avoiding rejection
avoiding drug interactions

Question 13

why are recreational drugs not to be used post kidney transplant

Answer 13

may interact with stress and reduce adherence to immunosuppressants
some drugs not good for kidneys - cocaine
infection risk

Question 14

what range of disease are people with kidney transplants exposed to?

Answer 14

psychiatric disorders - traumatic experience
cancer
CV disorders
diabetes