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Ortho > Diagnostics/Muscle Testing > Flashcards

Diagnostics/Muscle Testing Flashcards

1
Q

how would you test the supraspinatus

A

empty can test

The arm to be tested is moved into 90 degrees of abduction in the plane of the scapula (approximately 30 degrees of forward flexion), full internal rotation with the thumb pointing down as if emptying a beverage can.

The examiner’s other hand applies downward pressure on the superior aspect of the distal forearm and the patient resists.

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2
Q

how would you test the infraspinatus

A

resist external rotation

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3
Q

how would you test the subscapularis

A

resist internal rotation

Napolean sign- palm on stomach, tell them to hold it, pull hand out

Lift off test - put dorsal side of hand on lower back, resist them pushing off

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4
Q

how would you test the long head biceps

A

resist elbow flexion, supination

Speed’s Test, the examiner places the patient’s arm in shoulder flexion, external rotation, full elbow extension, and forearm supination; manual resistance is then applied by the examiner in a downward direction.

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5
Q

innervation of supra- and infraspinatus

A

suprascapular n

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6
Q

innervation of subscapularis

A

subscapular n

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7
Q

innervation and testing of teres major

A

subscapular nerve

prone/hand on hip, patient resists forward pressure

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8
Q

innervation and testing of teres minor

A

Axillary n.

resists external rotation of shoulder

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9
Q

innervation and testing of deltoid

A

axillary n

resist abduction of shoulder

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10
Q

innervation and testing of serratus anterior

A

long thoracic nerve

flex shoulder to 90 degrees and direct arm backward (for wall push up) - positive test = winged scap

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11
Q

innervation and testing of biceps/brachialis

A

musculocutaneous n

resist elbow flexion and supination

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12
Q

innervation and testing of triceps

A

radial n

resist elbow extension

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13
Q

innervation and testing of flexor carpi radialis

A

median n

resist wrist flexion/radial deviation

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14
Q

innervation and testing of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

median n

resist wrist and ulnar deviation

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15
Q

innervation and testing of extensor carpi radialis

A

radial n.

resist wrist extension/radial deviation

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16
Q

innervation and testing of extensor carpi ulnaris

A

radial n.

resist wrist extension/ulnar deviation

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17
Q

innervation and testing of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median n.

flex PIP joint, resist flexion

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18
Q

innervation and testing of flexor digitorum profundus

A

median n

resist flexion at DIP joint

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19
Q

innervation and testing of extensor digitorum

A

radial n

resist extension of finger

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20
Q

innervation and testing of quads

A

femoral n

resist knee extension

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21
Q

innervation and testing of hamstrings

A

sciatic n

lateral - lateral rotation of food and resist knee flex

medial - medial rotation of food and resist knee flex

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22
Q

innervation and testing of gastronemius

A

tibial n

toe raise

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23
Q

innervation and testing of soleus

A

tibial n

flex knee, resist plantar flexion

24
Q

innervation and testing of tibialis posterior

A

tibial n.

resist inversion and plantar flexion

25
Q

innervation and testing of peroneals

A

superficial peroneal n

resist eversion of foot

26
Q

innervation and testing of tibialis anterior

A

deep peroneal n

resist dorsflexion/inversion

27
Q

innervation and testing of extensor hallucis longus

A

deep peroneal

resist extension of big toe

28
Q

innervation and testing of extensor digitorum

A

deep peroneal

resist dorsiflexion

29
Q

what is the drop arm test and what are you testing

A

deltoid strength - full thickness rotator cuff tears

passive abduction, palm down.
Let go and have pt slowly lower arm do to side –> positive test = arm drops

30
Q

what is the obriens test and what are you testing

A

glenoid labrum tear

elevate arm, internal rotation. slightly across body. have pt resist downward force

31
Q

what is hawkins test and what are you testing

A

subacromial impingement

“catching hawk”
flex shoulder, flex elbow, internally rotate

32
Q

what is neers test and what are you testing

A

subacromial impingement

extend elbow, humerus internally rotated, forearm protonated. passively forward flex shoulder while scap is stabilized

33
Q

what is Lachman’s test and what are you testing

A

ACL test

pt is supine, knee is slightly bent. stabilizing above and below knee joint; pull tibia anteriorly and posteriorly against femur –> looking for anterior displacement and end point (translation and end point)

34
Q

what does varus stress assess

A

LCL

35
Q

what does valgus stress assess

A

MCL

36
Q

what nerve is out if someone has a drop foot (can’t resist when push down on foot)

A

peroneal n

37
Q

what is the mcmurrary test and what does it test for?

A

meniscal tear

lie supine, knee flex; externally rotate tibia and apply valgus force –> positive = click and pop with pain

do same thing but with varus force

38
Q

what is the thompson test and what is it testing

A

complete rupture of gastrocnemius/achilles tendon tear

grab calf and squeeze –> ankle should move and plantar flexion

39
Q

grade and lovett scale of a muscle level function with no evidence of contraction

A

0/5

0 (zero)

40
Q

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with slight contraction w/o movement

A

1/5

T (trace)

41
Q

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with full ROM with gravity eliminated

A

2/5

P (poor)

42
Q

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with able to hold against gravity

A

3/5

F (poor)

43
Q

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with diminished strength against resistance

A

4/5

G (good)

44
Q

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with full strength against resistance

A

5/5

N (normal)

45
Q

when should you avoid shortening a joint

with what muscles?

A

when testing 2 joint muscles

  1. hamstring (flex knee and extend hip)
  2. rectus femoris (flex hip and extend knee)
  3. long head biceps brachii (flex shoulder and flex elbow/supinate)
  4. gastronemius (flex knee and plantar flex ankle)
  5. flexor digitorum profundus (flex DIP and wrist)
46
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured there elbow

nerve affected

  • motor
  • sensory
A

ulnar nerve

motor: ulnar deviation of wrist
sensory: little finger

47
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their wrist
nerve affected?
- motor
- sensory

A

median nerve

motor: thenar contraction
sensory: index finger

48
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their humerus

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A

anterior interosseus (median nerve)

49
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their shoulder-dislocation

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A

musculocutaneous n.

motor: elbow flexion
sensory: lateral forearm

50
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their humerus-fx/dislocation

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A
  1. radial nerve
    motor: thumb
    sensory: 1st dorsal web space
  2. axillary nerve
    motor: deltoid
    sensory: lateral shoulder
51
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their pubic rami-fx

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A

femoral nerve

motor: knee extension
sensory: anterior thigh

52
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their obturator ring

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A

obturator

motor: hip adduction
sensory: medial thigh

53
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their knee-dislocation

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A

posterior tibial nerve

motor: toe flexion
sensory: sole of foot

54
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their fibular neck-fx

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A
  1. superficial peroneal
    motor: ankle eversion
    sensory: lateral dorsum food
  2. deep peroneal
    motor: ankle/toe dorsiflexion
    sensory: dorsal first web space
55
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their posterior hip-dislocation

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A

sciatic nerve

motor: plantar/dorsi flexion
sensory: foot

56
Q

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their acetabular fx

nerve affected?

  • motor
  • sensory
A
  1. superior gluteal
    motor: hip abduction
  2. inferior gluteal
    motor: hip extension

Ortho (9 decks)

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