Diagnostics/Muscle Testing

Question 1

how would you test the supraspinatus

Answer 1

empty can test

The arm to be tested is moved into 90 degrees of abduction in the plane of the scapula (approximately 30 degrees of forward flexion), full internal rotation with the thumb pointing down as if emptying a beverage can.

The examiner’s other hand applies downward pressure on the superior aspect of the distal forearm and the patient resists.

Question 2

how would you test the infraspinatus

Answer 2

resist external rotation

Question 3

how would you test the subscapularis

Answer 3

resist internal rotation

Napolean sign- palm on stomach, tell them to hold it, pull hand out

Lift off test - put dorsal side of hand on lower back, resist them pushing off

Question 4

how would you test the long head biceps

Answer 4

resist elbow flexion, supination

Speed’s Test, the examiner places the patient’s arm in shoulder flexion, external rotation, full elbow extension, and forearm supination; manual resistance is then applied by the examiner in a downward direction.

Question 5

innervation of supra- and infraspinatus

Answer 5

suprascapular n

Question 6

innervation of subscapularis

Answer 6

subscapular n

Question 7

innervation and testing of teres major

Answer 7

subscapular nerve

prone/hand on hip, patient resists forward pressure

Question 8

innervation and testing of teres minor

Answer 8

Axillary n.

resists external rotation of shoulder

Question 9

innervation and testing of deltoid

Answer 9

axillary n

resist abduction of shoulder

Question 10

innervation and testing of serratus anterior

Answer 10

long thoracic nerve

flex shoulder to 90 degrees and direct arm backward (for wall push up) - positive test = winged scap

Question 11

innervation and testing of biceps/brachialis

Answer 11

musculocutaneous n

resist elbow flexion and supination

Question 12

innervation and testing of triceps

Answer 12

radial n

resist elbow extension

Question 13

innervation and testing of flexor carpi radialis

Answer 13

median n

resist wrist flexion/radial deviation

Question 14

innervation and testing of flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 14

median n

resist wrist and ulnar deviation

Question 15

innervation and testing of extensor carpi radialis

Answer 15

radial n.

resist wrist extension/radial deviation

Question 16

innervation and testing of extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 16

radial n.

resist wrist extension/ulnar deviation

Question 17

innervation and testing of flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 17

median n.

flex PIP joint, resist flexion

Question 18

innervation and testing of flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 18

median n

resist flexion at DIP joint

Question 19

innervation and testing of extensor digitorum

Answer 19

radial n

resist extension of finger

Question 20

innervation and testing of quads

Answer 20

femoral n

resist knee extension

Question 21

innervation and testing of hamstrings

Answer 21

sciatic n

lateral - lateral rotation of food and resist knee flex

medial - medial rotation of food and resist knee flex

Question 22

innervation and testing of gastronemius

Answer 22

tibial n

toe raise

Question 23

innervation and testing of soleus

Answer 23

tibial n

flex knee, resist plantar flexion

Question 24

innervation and testing of tibialis posterior

Answer 24

tibial n.

resist inversion and plantar flexion

Question 25

innervation and testing of peroneals

Answer 25

superficial peroneal n resist eversion of foot

Question 26

innervation and testing of tibialis anterior

Answer 26

deep peroneal n resist dorsflexion/inversion

Question 27

innervation and testing of extensor hallucis longus

Answer 27

deep peroneal resist extension of big toe

Question 28

innervation and testing of extensor digitorum

Answer 28

deep peroneal resist dorsiflexion

Question 29

what is the drop arm test and what are you testing

Answer 29

deltoid strength - full thickness rotator cuff tears passive abduction, palm down. Let go and have pt slowly lower arm do to side --> positive test = arm drops

Question 30

what is the obriens test and what are you testing

Answer 30

glenoid labrum tear elevate arm, internal rotation. slightly across body. have pt resist downward force

Question 31

what is hawkins test and what are you testing

Answer 31

subacromial impingement "catching hawk" flex shoulder, flex elbow, internally rotate

Question 32

what is neers test and what are you testing

Answer 32

subacromial impingement extend elbow, humerus internally rotated, forearm protonated. passively forward flex shoulder while scap is stabilized

Question 33

what is Lachman's test and what are you testing

Answer 33

ACL test pt is supine, knee is slightly bent. stabilizing above and below knee joint; pull tibia anteriorly and posteriorly against femur --> looking for anterior displacement and end point (translation and end point)

Question 34

what does varus stress assess

Answer 34

LCL

Question 35

what does valgus stress assess

Answer 35

MCL

Question 36

what nerve is out if someone has a drop foot (can't resist when push down on foot)

Answer 36

peroneal n

Question 37

what is the mcmurrary test and what does it test for?

Answer 37

meniscal tear lie supine, knee flex; externally rotate tibia and apply valgus force --> positive = click and pop with pain do same thing but with varus force

Question 38

what is the thompson test and what is it testing

Answer 38

complete rupture of gastrocnemius/achilles tendon tear grab calf and squeeze --> ankle should move and plantar flexion

Question 39

grade and lovett scale of a muscle level function with no evidence of contraction

Answer 39

0/5 0 (zero)

Question 40

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with slight contraction w/o movement

Answer 40

1/5 T (trace)

Question 41

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with full ROM with gravity eliminated

Answer 41

2/5 P (poor)

Question 42

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with able to hold against gravity

Answer 42

3/5 F (poor)

Question 43

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with diminished strength against resistance

Answer 43

4/5 G (good)

Question 44

grade and lovett scale of a muscle function level with full strength against resistance

Answer 44

5/5 N (normal)

Question 45

when should you avoid shortening a joint with what muscles?

Answer 45

when testing 2 joint muscles 1. hamstring (flex knee and extend hip) 2. rectus femoris (flex hip and extend knee) 3. long head biceps brachii (flex shoulder and flex elbow/supinate) 4. gastronemius (flex knee and plantar flex ankle) 5. flexor digitorum profundus (flex DIP and wrist)

Question 46

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured there elbow nerve affected - motor - sensory

Answer 46

ulnar nerve motor: ulnar deviation of wrist sensory: little finger

Question 47

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their wrist nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 47

median nerve motor: thenar contraction sensory: index finger

Question 48

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their humerus nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 48

anterior interosseus (median nerve)

Question 49

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their shoulder-dislocation nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 49

musculocutaneous n. motor: elbow flexion sensory: lateral forearm

Question 50

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their humerus-fx/dislocation nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 50

1. radial nerve motor: thumb sensory: 1st dorsal web space 2. axillary nerve motor: deltoid sensory: lateral shoulder

Question 51

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their pubic rami-fx nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 51

femoral nerve motor: knee extension sensory: anterior thigh

Question 52

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their obturator ring nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 52

obturator motor: hip adduction sensory: medial thigh

Question 53

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their knee-dislocation nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 53

posterior tibial nerve motor: toe flexion sensory: sole of foot

Question 54

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their fibular neck-fx nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 54

1. superficial peroneal motor: ankle eversion sensory: lateral dorsum food 2. deep peroneal motor: ankle/toe dorsiflexion sensory: dorsal first web space

Question 55

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their posterior hip-dislocation nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 55

sciatic nerve motor: plantar/dorsi flexion sensory: foot

Question 56

peripheral nerve assessment: someone injured their acetabular fx nerve affected? - motor - sensory

Answer 56

1. superior gluteal motor: hip abduction 2. inferior gluteal motor: hip extension