Diagnostic Tests

Question 1

Immunophenotyping

Answer 1

characterize hematopoeitic cells based on lineage-associated or lineage-restricted antibodiesTWO TYPES: immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry

Question 2

Immunohistochemistry

Answer 2

characterize hematopoeitic cells based on CD markersused for all types of tissue, including bone marrow biopsiessensitive and specific

Question 3

Flow Cytometry

Answer 3

measuring multiple characteristics of single cells in a moving fluid stream through a beam of lightevery cell has unique properties, based on these properties, the cells scatter light in specific way –> use this property to characterize cells

Question 4

Cytochemistry

Answer 4

staining technique based on enzymatic activity of certain proteins in hematopoeitic cellsolder, has been replaced* useful in distinguishing acute myeloid vs. acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 5

Metaphase Spread Analysis

Answer 5

karyotypingmust use fresh bone marrow or peripheral bloodidentification of individual chromosomes

Question 6

FISH (Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization

Answer 6

used to detect numeric and structural chromosomal abnormalities within intact cells or metaphase spreadsFluorescently labeled probes of single-stranded DNA bind complementary denatured DNA segments to identify specific gene sequences

Question 7

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)

Answer 7

used to detect chromosomal translocations as well as B and T cell gene rearrangementsdenaturation of specific gene, electrophoresis, staining