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HAEM > Diagnostic Role Of Blood Film > Flashcards

Diagnostic Role Of Blood Film Flashcards

1
Q

What does Haematoxylin bind to?

A

Acidic components of cells - particularly to DNA and therefore shows up in the nucleus

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2
Q

What does Eosin stain?

A

Binds proteins components, particularly in the cytoplasm

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3
Q

What does Leishmans Stain do?

A

Makes the nucleus visible

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4
Q

What is the field Iris?

A

The light that comes from the bottom of the microscope

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5
Q

What lens is it best to start with during microscope based practicals?

A

The Lowe power objective lens (4x)

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6
Q

What is the correct order in which your should focus your image?

A
  1. Focus the image
  2. Focus the condenser
  3. Adjust the field Iris
  4. Adjust the condenser Iris
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7
Q

How should blood be smeared onto the slide when preparing a blood film?

A

Place a drop of blood onto the glass slide and smear it away from you using a second piece of glass as a spreader - this ensures the blood drop stays behind the spreader otherwise blood cells might become damaged between the two slides

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8
Q

What color does Leishmans stain turn nuclei?

A

Purple - blue

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9
Q

What color does Leishmans stain turn cytoplasmic components?

A

Pink

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10
Q

What color do white blood cells appear when being stained with Leishmans?

A

Blue

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11
Q

What blood cell has a bi-lobed nucleus, with bright pink cytoplasmic granules?

A

Eosinophil

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12
Q

What blood cell has blue stained cytoplasmic granules and a lobed nuclei?

A

Basophil

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13
Q

Which blood cells has a multi lobed nucleus with pink cytoplasmic granules?

A

Neutrophil

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14
Q

Which blood cell has an indented nucleus and pale granules in its cytoplasm?

A

Monocytes

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15
Q

What are elevated eosinophil levels indicative of?

A

Allergic reactions eg asthma or parasitic infections

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16
Q

In what two circumstances might an increased number of basophils be found?

A

Chronic myelonous leukaemia

Hypersensitivity

17
Q

What is meant by the term left shift?

A

An increase in the proportion of band cel,s or the presence of neutrophil precursors in the blood

18
Q

The presence of what in neutrophils can be an indicator of bacterial infection?

A

Clear vacuoles

19
Q

What is seen in a blood film of a patient with CML?

A

A spectrum of granulocytes cells from myeloblasts to mature neutrophils

20
Q

What is the definition of megaloblastic anaemia?

A

anaemia in which maturation of the nucleus is retarded in relation to that of the cytoplasm.

21
Q

What are the most characteristic features of megaloblastic anaemia that are seen on a blood film?

A

Hypersegmented neutrophils and macrophages

Oval macrophages

22
Q

What is the function of the microscope stage?

A

To hold a microscope slide

23
Q

How is the degree of illumination of a microscope slide best adjusted?

A

By changing the lamp voltage

24
Q

What does a lymphocyte look like on a blood film?

A

Large round nucleus and relative lack of cytoplasm

25
Q

What is the key function of a neutrophil?

A

First line of defense in innate immunity and phagocytose microbes

26
Q

What are the key functions of monocytes?

A

Production of cytokines and phagocytosis of microbes and apoptose cells

27
Q

What are the key functions of lymphocytes?

A

Production of cytokines - T cells

Production of antibodies - B cells

28
Q

How are basophils activated?

A

Cross linking of IgE on their surface to release cytokines

29
Q

What does the release of cytokines from basophils do?

A

Helps with anti-helminth immune responses

30
Q

What are the main functions of eosphils?

A

Defense against parasitic infections through the release of specific cytokines and also involved in inflammation as seen in asthma and allergy

HAEM (10 decks)

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