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Part 2 > Diagnostic Imaging > Flashcards

Diagnostic Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

linear calcifications anterior to l1-l4

diagnosis w/ diameter >3.5

A

abnominal aortic aneurysm

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2
Q

champagne glass pelvis
played cupped metaphysis
small skull base

A

achondroplasia

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3
Q

large sella turnica
arrowhead phalanges
heel pad >23 mm

A

acromegaly

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4
Q

soap-bubble metaphyseal lytic lesion
filed with blood
ballooning of cortex

A

aneurysmal bone cyst

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5
Q

hallux valgus deformity with marked soft tissue swelling

A

bunion

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6
Q

AVN of head of femur
patchy sclerosis and lucency
crescent sign

A

Chandler

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7
Q

wedged-shaped dense medial upper end of tibia

overweight and black kids

A

blount

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8
Q

totally disorganized joint with destruction, debris, and distension

A

Charcot’s joint

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9
Q

multiple faceted stones in right upper quadrant
ultrasound
+ Murphys sign

A

cholelithiasis

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10
Q

linear intra-articular calcification in the knee, elbow, shoulder or wrist

A

CPPD (pseudogout)

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11
Q

eccentric lucent lesion in metaphysis with cortical depression

A

chondroma

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12
Q

oval epiphyseal lytic lesion in metaphysis in lower or upper tibia
fluffy cotton wool

A

chondroblastoma

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13
Q

round or elongated lesion eccentrically located

thins the cortex

A

chondromyxoid fibroma

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14
Q

intramedullary lytic soap-bubble lesion

speckled calcification in the tibia

A

chondrosarcoma

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15
Q

small femoral epiphysis
lateral femoral displacement
shallow acetabulum

A

congenital hip dysplasia

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16
Q

ADI > 5 mm in a child
hypoplastic atlas
agenesis of the lens

A

Down’s syndrome

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17
Q

geographic central explansile lesion with stippled calcification
hands or feet

A

enchondroma

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18
Q

numerous intramedullary lesions in long bones

phlebolith calcifications

A

enchodramatosis

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19
Q

geographic lesion in medullary region

destructive moth-eaten appearance

A

eosinophilic granuloma

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20
Q

diaphyseal permeative

onion-skin appearance with cortical saucerization

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

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21
Q

circumscribed lytic lesion
ground glass
soap-bubble
shepard’s crook

A

fibrous dysplasia

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22
Q

AVN
sclerosis
fragmentation and deformation of the 2nd metatarsal head

A

fibrosarcoma

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23
Q

eccentric metaphyseal lesion crosses epiphyseal line

soap-bubble appearance

A

giant cell tumor

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24
Q

soft tissue swelling
periarticular bone erosion
overhanging margin sign

A

gout

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25
Q

periarticular calcification around the shoulder joint

may affect hip and spine

A

HADD

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26
Q

beak-like spurs on radial sides of metacarpal heads

joint space narrowing

A

hemochromatosis

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27
Q

articular irregularity
wide intercondylar femoral groove
soft tissue swelling

A

hemophilia

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28
Q

AVN

dense sclerotic lunate bone with partial fragmentation and collapse

A

Keinbock

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29
Q

blocked vertebrae
occipitalization of C1
platybasia
wasp-waist sign

A

Klippel Feil syndrome

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30
Q

AVN
partial fragmentation
sclerosis and collapse of the navicular bone

A

Kohler

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31
Q

thick transverse radiodense metaphysis bands (lead line)

A

lead poisoning

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32
Q

small femoral head
mushroom deformity
epiphyseal sclerosis
fragmentation

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes

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33
Q

ivory vertebra
punched-out lytic bone lesions
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

A

Lymphoma in bone

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34
Q

dystrophic calcification in muscle

brachialis, quadriceps, thigh adductors

A

myositis ossificans

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35
Q

solitary oval radiolucent defect
thin cortex
bunch of grapes appearance

A

non-ossifying fibroma

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36
Q

subluxation of the proximal radio-ulnar joint in a child

soft tissue swelling

A

Nursemaid’s elbow

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37
Q

anterior surface irregularities of the tibial tuberosity in teens
soft tissue swelling

A

Osgood-Schlatter’s

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38
Q

triangular sclerosis of the lower ilium near sacroiliac joint
bilateral symmetric

A

osteitis condensans ilii

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39
Q 
joint space narrowing
subchondral sclerosis (eburnation)
osteophytes
A

osteoarthritis

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40
Q

multiple small rounded radiopacitiies in the ends of long bones (normal variant)

A

osteopoikilosis

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41
Q

eccentric, lytic lesion in the metaphysic or diaphysis or in the neural arch

A

osteoblastoma

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42
Q 
AVN 
medial femoral epicondyle
ankle , hop, and elbow
arc-like cleft
fragment
A

osteochondritis dessicans

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43
Q

broad-based bone outgrowth-cauliflower (mushroom-like) or coat-hanger look

A

osteochondroma

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44
Q

metaphyseal fractures at different healing stages

pencil-thin cortices

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

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45
Q

lucent lesion
< 2cm surrounded by a rim of dense bone
long bone or spine

A

osteoid osteoma

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46
Q

dense sclerotic well-circumscribed lesion rarely >2cm

in the skull or sinuses

A

osteoma

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47
Q

pseudofractures in long bones
decreased bone density
coarsended trabeculae

A

osteomalacia

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48
Q

soft tissue swelling
periosteal elevation
Brodie’s abscess
involucrum

A

osteomyelitis

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49
Q

general demineralization
thin cortex
few but coarsended trabeculae

A

osteoporosis

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50
Q

blastic metaphyseal permeative lesion
Codman triangle
sunburst appearance

A

osteosarcoma

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51
Q

cotton wool skull
mixed blastic/lytic lesions
pelvic brim and candle flame sign

A

Paget’s disease

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52
Q

ossification of the medial knee collateral ligament

traumatic

A

Pelligrini-Stieda disease

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53
Q

AVN

sclerosis and fragmentation of the proximal pole of the scaphoid

A

Preiser

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54
Q

cup and pencil deformity of DIP joints
mouse ears
sausage digits

A

psoriatic arthritis

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55
Q

soft tissue swelling
intra-articular erosions
ulnar deviation of MCP joints

A

rheumatoid arthritis

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56
Q

widened growth plate metaphyseal cupping

paint brush apperance in a child

A

rickets

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57
Q

anterior wedging
Schmorl’s nodes
decreased disc height in 3+ vertebrae

A

Scheuermann’s

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58
Q

ice cream sliding off cone sign

disrupted Kleins line and Shentons line

A

SCFE

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59
Q

soft tissue retraction

calcinosis cutis and acro-osteolysis

A

scleroderma

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60
Q

Frankl’s line
Pelken’s spur
Wimberger’s ring

A

scurvy

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61
Q

AVN

fragmented irregular sclerosis of the calcaneal apophysis

A

sever

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62
Q

hair-on-end skull
undertubulation of long bones
cod-fish vertebrae

A

sickle cell disease

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63
Q

slippage of one vertebra on the other
most common at L5/S1
pars fracture

A

spondylolisthesis

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64
Q

expansile geographic defect on proximal humerus on femur

fallen fragment sign

A

simple bone cyst

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65
Q

small elevated scapula
omovertebral bone (30%)
Klippel Feil syndrome

A

Sprengel’s deformity

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66
Q

soft tissue swelling
periarticular osteoporosis
reducible ulnar deviation

A

SLE

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67
Q

apical cavitation
unilateral or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
tracheal shift

A

tuberculosis

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68
Q

circumscribed lesion
ground glass/ soap bubble appearance
ribs , femur

A

fibrous dysplasia

69
Q

eccentric lesion in the metaphysic or diaphysis of long bone

A

osteoblastoma

70
Q

lesion crossing the epiphyseal plate

soap bubble appearance

A

giant cell tumor

71
Q

most likely from colon, lung, or breast

A

metastasis

72
Q

soap bubble apearance most common in long bones (distal femur)

A

aneurysmal bone cyst

73
Q

oval subarticular (epiphyseal) lytic lesion < 5cm

A

chondroblastoma

74
Q

corduroy cloth apperance (vertical black lines)

A

hemangioma

75
Q

brodie’s abscess

A

infection

76
Q

eccentric defect with thin rim of sclerosis >3cm

A

non-ossifying fibroma

77
Q

geographic lesion in the medullary region

A

eosinophilic granuloma

78
Q

unicameral cyst - single soap bubble in long bones (proximal humerus)

A

simple bone cyst

79
Q

necrosis in medial upper end of tibia

A

blount

80
Q

necrosis in head of femur in an adult

A

chandler

81
Q

necrosis in second metatarsal

A

freiberg

82
Q

necrosis in lunate

A

kienbock

83
Q

necrosis in navicular

A

kohler

84
Q

necrosis in head of femur in a child

A

Legg-Calve perthes

85
Q

necrosis in medial femoral epicondyle

A

osteochondritis dessicans

86
Q

necrosis in scaphoid

A

preiser

87
Q

necrosis in calcaneus

A

sever

88
Q

Lesion with sharp margins, geographic destruction, solid periosteal reaction, 0-6 cm, and no soft tissue involvement

A

benign lesion

89
Q

lesion with imperceptible margins, moth-eaten apperance or permeative with cortical destruction, spiculated/ codmans triangle/ onion skin apperance for periosteal reaction, >6cm, and soft tissue involement present

A

malignant lesion

90
Q

anterior scalloping of lumbar vertebrae

A

abdominal aortic aneurysm

91
Q

blocked vertebrae

A

Klippel-Feil syndrome

92
Q

codfish vertebra

A

sickle cell disease, Cushing’s disease

93
Q

Corduroy cloth apperance

A

hemangioma

94
Q

diffuse osteopenia

A

osteoporosis, cushing’s, multiple myeloma

95
Q

increased ADI

A

downs syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis

96
Q

island of bone in vertebra

A

enostoma

97
Q

ivory vertebra

A

lymphoma, Paget’s disease, osteoblastic mets

98
Q

marble bone

A

osteopetrosis

99
Q

missing pedicle

A

lytic metastases (common), multiple myeloma

100
Q

omovertebral bone

A

Klippel-fiel syndrome

101
Q

picture frame vertebra

A

hyperparathyroidism

102
Q

Rugger Jersey spine

A

hyperparathyroidism

103
Q

schmorl’s nodes

A

sheuermann’s disease

104
Q

squared vertebra

A

ankylosing spondylitis

105
Q

syndesmophytes (marginal - thin vertical)

A

ankylosing spondylitis

106
Q

syndesmophytes (non-marginal - thick and lumpy)

A

DISH, psoriatic arthritis and reactive arthritis

107
Q

mc malignancy in the old

A

multiple myeloma

108
Q

mc malignancy in the young

A

osteosarcoma

109
Q

2nd mc malignancy in the old

A

chondrosarcoma

110
Q

2nd mc malignancy in the young

A

ewing sarcoma

111
Q

prominent EOP
enlarged sella turcica
protruding jaw
heel pad > 23mm

A

acromegaly

112
Q

delayed closure of skull sutures

numerous Wormian bones

A

cleidocranial dysostosis

113
Q

salt and pepper appearance

A

hyperparathyroidism

114
Q

single or multiple punched out lesions

A

metastases

115
Q

moth eaten apperance or raindrop lesions

A

mm

116
Q

dense solitary bone island with no cortical elevation

pedunculated mass in a sinus

A

osteoma

117
Q

cotton wool appearance

osteoporosis circumscripta

A

Paget’s disease

118
Q

widened diploe with hair on end apperance

A

sickle cell disease

119
Q

defect in the inferior lip of the glenoid fossa from an anterior shoulder dislocation

A

Bankart lesion

120
Q

linear intra-articular calcification

A

calcium pyrophophate deposition disease CPPD

121
Q

joint space narrowing
osteophytes
subchondral sclerosis

A

degenerative joint disease DJD

122
Q

indentation in the posterolateral aspect of the head of the humerus - hatchet sign due to impaction fx

A

Hill Sachs lesion

123
Q

cloud-like calcification in the supraspinatus tendon

A

hydroxyapatite deposition disease HADD

124
Q

vertical fracture through midline of the head of the radius

A

chisel

125
Q

fracture of the proximal ulna and dislocation of the proximal radio-unlar joint

A

monteggia

126
Q

midshaft fracture through the ulna

A

night stick

127
Q

bump on the bone

A

greenstick (torus fracture)

128
Q

fracture through styloid process of the radius

A

chauffeur

129
Q

fracture through the distal radius with posterior displacement of the distal fragment

A

colles

130
Q

fracture through the distal radius with anterior displacement

A

smith

131
Q

thickened metaphyseal bands (lead lines)

A

lead poisoning

132
Q

slice of pie sign

volar orientation of the lunate bone

A

anterior lunate dislocation

133
Q

Terry Thomas sign: increased space btwn scaphoid and lunate bones

A

scapholunate dislocation

134
Q

V-shaped proximal carpal row

dorsal dislocation of ulna and exaggerated radial inclination

A

Madelung deformity

135
Q

soft tissue swelling
juxta-articular osteoporosis
joint deformity with ulnar deviation of hand

A

rheumatoid arthritis

136
Q

splaying of the metaphysis and paint brush sign

widening growth plate

A

rickets

137
Q

arrowhead or spade-like terminal phalanges

A

acromegaly

138
Q

dense irregular sclerotic area in the scaphoid or lunate bone

A

avascular necrosis

139
Q

osteopenia of the metacarpals and phalanges

A

complex regional pain syndrome

140
Q

fracture of 1st metacarpal, 1st carpometacarpal subluxation

A

Bennet

141
Q

fracture through 2nd or 3rd metacarpal bone

A

Boxer

142
Q

fracture through the 4th or 5th metacarpal bone

A

Bar Room

143
Q

avulsion fracture of the flexor digitorum tendon

A

Jersey

144
Q

avulsion fracture of base of distal phalanx

A

Mallet finger

145
Q

comminuted fracture of 1st metacarpal

A

Rolando

146
Q

avulsion fracture of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

A

Skier’s thumb

147
Q

beak-like osteophytes on the radial aspects of the heads of the metacarpals

A

hemochromatosis

148
Q

acro-osteolysis
ulnar deviation of the MCP joints
swan neck and boutonniere deformities like RA except the joint spaces are normal

A

SLE

149
Q

Romanus lesion
shiny corner
dagger sign
squaring and bamboo

A

ankylosing spondylitis

150
Q

formation of a neo-arthrosis betwen two adjacent spinous processes (kissing vertebra disease)

A

Basstrup’s disease

151
Q 
joint space narrowing
osteophytes
subchondral sclerosis 
uncinate arthrosis in c spine
vacuum sign
A

DJD

152
Q

increased atlanto-dental interval >5mm in a child

A

Down syndrome

153
Q

fracture with small displaced corner peice with ragged edges

A

avulsion

154
Q

fracture with horizontal lines thru neural arch and v body

most common at L1/2

A

Chance fracture

155
Q

fracture thru spinous process of C7

hyperflexion injury

A

Clay shovelers fx

156
Q

fracture thru pedicle of C2

A

hangman fx

157
Q

horizontal lines for venous channels in the vertebral body (normal finding)

A

Hahn’s lines

158
Q

small piece of bone in line w/ vertebral body and with round edges

A

Limbus bone

159
Q

ivory vertebra
multiple lytic lesions
anterior body scalloping

A

Lymphoma

160
Q

nidus <2cm of bone with a zone of reactive bone

pain relieved by aspirin

A

osteoid osteoma

161
Q

decreased joint space

“teeth marks” in the endplates and Brodie’s abscess

A

osteomyelitis

162
Q

marble bone
early stage-bone in bone
later-sandwhich vertebrae

A

osteopetrosis

163
Q

numerous white densitites of similar type

confused with blastic metastases

A

osteopoikilosis

164
Q

champagne glass shape of pelvic inlet

A

achondroplasia

165
Q

Putti’s triad
superolateral migration of the femoral head
increased acetabular angle
small capital femoral epiphysis

A

congenital hip dysplasia

166
Q

ground glass and soap bubble apperance

sheperds crook of the femur

A

fibrous dysplasia

167
Q

fracture thru the lateral aspect of iliac wing

A

Duverny fx

168
Q

fracture of ipsilateral vertical fractures thru superior and inferior pubic rami with a fracture/dislocation of the ipsilateral sacro joint

A

Malgaigne fx

Part 2 (6 decks)

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