Diagnostic Imaging Flashcards
linear calcifications anterior to l1-l4
diagnosis w/ diameter >3.5
abnominal aortic aneurysm
champagne glass pelvis
played cupped metaphysis
small skull base
achondroplasia
large sella turnica
arrowhead phalanges
heel pad >23 mm
acromegaly
soap-bubble metaphyseal lytic lesion
filed with blood
ballooning of cortex
aneurysmal bone cyst
hallux valgus deformity with marked soft tissue swelling
bunion
AVN of head of femur
patchy sclerosis and lucency
crescent sign
Chandler
wedged-shaped dense medial upper end of tibia
overweight and black kids
blount
totally disorganized joint with destruction, debris, and distension
Charcot’s joint
multiple faceted stones in right upper quadrant
ultrasound
+ Murphys sign
cholelithiasis
linear intra-articular calcification in the knee, elbow, shoulder or wrist
CPPD (pseudogout)
eccentric lucent lesion in metaphysis with cortical depression
chondroma
oval epiphyseal lytic lesion in metaphysis in lower or upper tibia
fluffy cotton wool
chondroblastoma
round or elongated lesion eccentrically located
thins the cortex
chondromyxoid fibroma
intramedullary lytic soap-bubble lesion
speckled calcification in the tibia
chondrosarcoma
small femoral epiphysis
lateral femoral displacement
shallow acetabulum
congenital hip dysplasia
ADI > 5 mm in a child
hypoplastic atlas
agenesis of the lens
Down’s syndrome
geographic central explansile lesion with stippled calcification
hands or feet
enchondroma
numerous intramedullary lesions in long bones
phlebolith calcifications
enchodramatosis
geographic lesion in medullary region
destructive moth-eaten appearance
eosinophilic granuloma
diaphyseal permeative
onion-skin appearance with cortical saucerization
Ewing’s sarcoma
circumscribed lytic lesion
ground glass
soap-bubble
shepard’s crook
fibrous dysplasia
AVN
sclerosis
fragmentation and deformation of the 2nd metatarsal head
fibrosarcoma
eccentric metaphyseal lesion crosses epiphyseal line
soap-bubble appearance
giant cell tumor
soft tissue swelling
periarticular bone erosion
overhanging margin sign
gout
periarticular calcification around the shoulder joint
may affect hip and spine
HADD
beak-like spurs on radial sides of metacarpal heads
joint space narrowing
hemochromatosis
articular irregularity
wide intercondylar femoral groove
soft tissue swelling
hemophilia
AVN
dense sclerotic lunate bone with partial fragmentation and collapse
Keinbock
blocked vertebrae
occipitalization of C1
platybasia
wasp-waist sign
Klippel Feil syndrome
AVN
partial fragmentation
sclerosis and collapse of the navicular bone
Kohler
thick transverse radiodense metaphysis bands (lead line)
lead poisoning
small femoral head
mushroom deformity
epiphyseal sclerosis
fragmentation
Legg-Calve-Perthes
ivory vertebra
punched-out lytic bone lesions
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
Lymphoma in bone
dystrophic calcification in muscle
brachialis, quadriceps, thigh adductors
myositis ossificans
solitary oval radiolucent defect
thin cortex
bunch of grapes appearance
non-ossifying fibroma
subluxation of the proximal radio-ulnar joint in a child
soft tissue swelling
Nursemaid’s elbow
anterior surface irregularities of the tibial tuberosity in teens
soft tissue swelling
Osgood-Schlatter’s
triangular sclerosis of the lower ilium near sacroiliac joint
bilateral symmetric
osteitis condensans ilii
joint space narrowing subchondral sclerosis (eburnation) osteophytes
osteoarthritis
multiple small rounded radiopacitiies in the ends of long bones (normal variant)
osteopoikilosis
eccentric, lytic lesion in the metaphysic or diaphysis or in the neural arch
osteoblastoma
AVN medial femoral epicondyle ankle , hop, and elbow arc-like cleft fragment
osteochondritis dessicans
broad-based bone outgrowth-cauliflower (mushroom-like) or coat-hanger look
osteochondroma
metaphyseal fractures at different healing stages
pencil-thin cortices
osteogenesis imperfecta
lucent lesion
< 2cm surrounded by a rim of dense bone
long bone or spine
osteoid osteoma
dense sclerotic well-circumscribed lesion rarely >2cm
in the skull or sinuses
osteoma
pseudofractures in long bones
decreased bone density
coarsended trabeculae
osteomalacia
soft tissue swelling
periosteal elevation
Brodie’s abscess
involucrum
osteomyelitis
general demineralization
thin cortex
few but coarsended trabeculae
osteoporosis
blastic metaphyseal permeative lesion
Codman triangle
sunburst appearance
osteosarcoma
cotton wool skull
mixed blastic/lytic lesions
pelvic brim and candle flame sign
Paget’s disease
ossification of the medial knee collateral ligament
traumatic
Pelligrini-Stieda disease
AVN
sclerosis and fragmentation of the proximal pole of the scaphoid
Preiser
cup and pencil deformity of DIP joints
mouse ears
sausage digits
psoriatic arthritis
soft tissue swelling
intra-articular erosions
ulnar deviation of MCP joints
rheumatoid arthritis
widened growth plate metaphyseal cupping
paint brush apperance in a child
rickets
anterior wedging
Schmorl’s nodes
decreased disc height in 3+ vertebrae
Scheuermann’s
ice cream sliding off cone sign
disrupted Kleins line and Shentons line
SCFE
soft tissue retraction
calcinosis cutis and acro-osteolysis
scleroderma
Frankl’s line
Pelken’s spur
Wimberger’s ring
scurvy
AVN
fragmented irregular sclerosis of the calcaneal apophysis
sever
hair-on-end skull
undertubulation of long bones
cod-fish vertebrae
sickle cell disease
slippage of one vertebra on the other
most common at L5/S1
pars fracture
spondylolisthesis
expansile geographic defect on proximal humerus on femur
fallen fragment sign
simple bone cyst
small elevated scapula
omovertebral bone (30%)
Klippel Feil syndrome
Sprengel’s deformity
soft tissue swelling
periarticular osteoporosis
reducible ulnar deviation
SLE
apical cavitation
unilateral or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
tracheal shift
tuberculosis
circumscribed lesion
ground glass/ soap bubble appearance
ribs , femur
fibrous dysplasia
eccentric lesion in the metaphysic or diaphysis of long bone
osteoblastoma
lesion crossing the epiphyseal plate
soap bubble appearance
giant cell tumor
most likely from colon, lung, or breast
metastasis
soap bubble apearance most common in long bones (distal femur)
aneurysmal bone cyst
oval subarticular (epiphyseal) lytic lesion < 5cm
chondroblastoma
corduroy cloth apperance (vertical black lines)
hemangioma
brodie’s abscess
infection
eccentric defect with thin rim of sclerosis >3cm
non-ossifying fibroma
geographic lesion in the medullary region
eosinophilic granuloma
unicameral cyst - single soap bubble in long bones (proximal humerus)
simple bone cyst
necrosis in medial upper end of tibia
blount
necrosis in head of femur in an adult
chandler
necrosis in second metatarsal
freiberg
necrosis in lunate
kienbock
necrosis in navicular
kohler
necrosis in head of femur in a child
Legg-Calve perthes
necrosis in medial femoral epicondyle
osteochondritis dessicans
necrosis in scaphoid
preiser
necrosis in calcaneus
sever
Lesion with sharp margins, geographic destruction, solid periosteal reaction, 0-6 cm, and no soft tissue involvement
benign lesion
lesion with imperceptible margins, moth-eaten apperance or permeative with cortical destruction, spiculated/ codmans triangle/ onion skin apperance for periosteal reaction, >6cm, and soft tissue involement present
malignant lesion
anterior scalloping of lumbar vertebrae
abdominal aortic aneurysm
blocked vertebrae
Klippel-Feil syndrome
codfish vertebra
sickle cell disease, Cushing’s disease
Corduroy cloth apperance
hemangioma
diffuse osteopenia
osteoporosis, cushing’s, multiple myeloma
increased ADI
downs syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis
island of bone in vertebra
enostoma
ivory vertebra
lymphoma, Paget’s disease, osteoblastic mets
marble bone
osteopetrosis
missing pedicle
lytic metastases (common), multiple myeloma
omovertebral bone
Klippel-fiel syndrome
picture frame vertebra
hyperparathyroidism
Rugger Jersey spine
hyperparathyroidism
schmorl’s nodes
sheuermann’s disease
squared vertebra
ankylosing spondylitis
syndesmophytes (marginal - thin vertical)
ankylosing spondylitis
syndesmophytes (non-marginal - thick and lumpy)
DISH, psoriatic arthritis and reactive arthritis
mc malignancy in the old
multiple myeloma
mc malignancy in the young
osteosarcoma
2nd mc malignancy in the old
chondrosarcoma
2nd mc malignancy in the young
ewing sarcoma
prominent EOP
enlarged sella turcica
protruding jaw
heel pad > 23mm
acromegaly
delayed closure of skull sutures
numerous Wormian bones
cleidocranial dysostosis
salt and pepper appearance
hyperparathyroidism
single or multiple punched out lesions
metastases
moth eaten apperance or raindrop lesions
mm
dense solitary bone island with no cortical elevation
pedunculated mass in a sinus
osteoma
cotton wool appearance
osteoporosis circumscripta
Paget’s disease
widened diploe with hair on end apperance
sickle cell disease
defect in the inferior lip of the glenoid fossa from an anterior shoulder dislocation
Bankart lesion
linear intra-articular calcification
calcium pyrophophate deposition disease CPPD
joint space narrowing
osteophytes
subchondral sclerosis
degenerative joint disease DJD
indentation in the posterolateral aspect of the head of the humerus - hatchet sign due to impaction fx
Hill Sachs lesion
cloud-like calcification in the supraspinatus tendon
hydroxyapatite deposition disease HADD
vertical fracture through midline of the head of the radius
chisel
fracture of the proximal ulna and dislocation of the proximal radio-unlar joint
monteggia
midshaft fracture through the ulna
night stick
bump on the bone
greenstick (torus fracture)
fracture through styloid process of the radius
chauffeur
fracture through the distal radius with posterior displacement of the distal fragment
colles
fracture through the distal radius with anterior displacement
smith
thickened metaphyseal bands (lead lines)
lead poisoning
slice of pie sign
volar orientation of the lunate bone
anterior lunate dislocation
Terry Thomas sign: increased space btwn scaphoid and lunate bones
scapholunate dislocation
V-shaped proximal carpal row
dorsal dislocation of ulna and exaggerated radial inclination
Madelung deformity
soft tissue swelling
juxta-articular osteoporosis
joint deformity with ulnar deviation of hand
rheumatoid arthritis
splaying of the metaphysis and paint brush sign
widening growth plate
rickets
arrowhead or spade-like terminal phalanges
acromegaly
dense irregular sclerotic area in the scaphoid or lunate bone
avascular necrosis
osteopenia of the metacarpals and phalanges
complex regional pain syndrome
fracture of 1st metacarpal, 1st carpometacarpal subluxation
Bennet
fracture through 2nd or 3rd metacarpal bone
Boxer
fracture through the 4th or 5th metacarpal bone
Bar Room
avulsion fracture of the flexor digitorum tendon
Jersey
avulsion fracture of base of distal phalanx
Mallet finger
comminuted fracture of 1st metacarpal
Rolando
avulsion fracture of the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb
Skier’s thumb
beak-like osteophytes on the radial aspects of the heads of the metacarpals
hemochromatosis
acro-osteolysis
ulnar deviation of the MCP joints
swan neck and boutonniere deformities like RA except the joint spaces are normal
SLE
Romanus lesion
shiny corner
dagger sign
squaring and bamboo
ankylosing spondylitis
formation of a neo-arthrosis betwen two adjacent spinous processes (kissing vertebra disease)
Basstrup’s disease
joint space narrowing osteophytes subchondral sclerosis uncinate arthrosis in c spine vacuum sign
DJD
increased atlanto-dental interval >5mm in a child
Down syndrome
fracture with small displaced corner peice with ragged edges
avulsion
fracture with horizontal lines thru neural arch and v body
most common at L1/2
Chance fracture
fracture thru spinous process of C7
hyperflexion injury
Clay shovelers fx
fracture thru pedicle of C2
hangman fx
horizontal lines for venous channels in the vertebral body (normal finding)
Hahn’s lines
small piece of bone in line w/ vertebral body and with round edges
Limbus bone
ivory vertebra
multiple lytic lesions
anterior body scalloping
Lymphoma
nidus <2cm of bone with a zone of reactive bone
pain relieved by aspirin
osteoid osteoma
decreased joint space
“teeth marks” in the endplates and Brodie’s abscess
osteomyelitis
marble bone
early stage-bone in bone
later-sandwhich vertebrae
osteopetrosis
numerous white densitites of similar type
confused with blastic metastases
osteopoikilosis
champagne glass shape of pelvic inlet
achondroplasia
Putti’s triad
superolateral migration of the femoral head
increased acetabular angle
small capital femoral epiphysis
congenital hip dysplasia
ground glass and soap bubble apperance
sheperds crook of the femur
fibrous dysplasia
fracture thru the lateral aspect of iliac wing
Duverny fx
fracture of ipsilateral vertical fractures thru superior and inferior pubic rami with a fracture/dislocation of the ipsilateral sacro joint
Malgaigne fx
