Diagnosis - Why Drugs Flashcards
Why do we se drugs
Animals ave a need to be protected from pain, suffering, injury and disease
For treatment and control to be effective the diagnosis must be accurate and specific as possible with regards to
Specific aietology
Abnormality produced - functional or structural
Clinical manifestation of the abnormality
What does aietology mean
The cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition
What does antibiotics kill
Bacterial
What killed parasites
Anthelmintics, insecticides
What treats neoplasia
Chemotherapy
What drugs are used to correcthypertension
B-blockers
What is used to treat hypothyroidism
Thyroid hormone
What drug correct vomit
Antiemetics
What drugs correct pain
Analgesia
Why is drugs not just a treatment
It ca be used in prevention, diagnosis, alleviation, treatment or cure of disease
What is drug use for prevention
Prophylaxis - prevent - not used much due to antibacterial resistance
What is drug use for diagnosis
Response to drig, nerve blocks, endocrinology - look at how animal/boy respond to specific drugs
Why use nerve blocks
Used for horses who are lame to try and make then sound to locate the pain location
What is drug use for alleviation
To alleviate pain, inflammation
What is drug use for treatment
Antibiotics, anti-parasitic
What is drugs use for a cure
Aim is not always possible so lifelong treatment is required for endocrine disorders etc
What are the advantages of response to treatment
Cheaper than using expensive tests
Can be quick
Diagnosis by response to treatment disadvantages
Relies on best guess - antibiotics
Encourages inappropriate use of antibiotics
Can be expensive and time consuming if doesn’t work
How can you diagnose by suppressing through the edrophonium response test to treat myasthenia gravis
Dog struggles to walk on back legs
Vet gives intravenous injection called etrophium and dog will walk normally
Works for a couple of minutes
Drug used is adrophonium chloride
What is diagnosing by stimulating using ACTH stimulation test in dogs - used to diagnose hyperadrenocorticism
Causes of much cortisol being produce Due to excessive secretion of acth from pituitary gland or tumour
Inject acth to see if you can stimulate adrenal gland to increase glucocorticoids
How do you diagnose by blocking
Nerve blocks in horse lameness
Use to locate region of lameness
Relies on placement of local anaesthetic around structure so it’s desensitised
Make the horse move until its sound to locate where the pain is
Need to work your way up not down
What is the disadvantages of diagnosing by blocking
Time consuming
Hazardous to horse and examiner
Using anaesthetic and using leg normally make cause more harm than good
Horses like to kick
Difficult to assess in horses where lameness is inconsistent or mild
