Diagnosis of anaemia

Question 1

Outline the causes of normocytic anaemias

Answer 1

Causes: acute blood loss, anaemia of chronic disease, renal failure.

Question 2

Outline the causes of microcytic anaemias

Answer 2

causes: Iron deficiency, thalassaemia

Question 3

What are clinical symptoms of anaemia

Answer 3

Pallor, SOB, TATT, Glossitis, Clubbing

Question 4

Outline causes of macrocytic anaemias

Answer 4

High MCV,
macrocytic- non-megaloblastic: large RBC, alcohol and liver disease (no DNA involvement)
macrocytic + megaloblastic: Large RBC with DNA affected, B12 and folate def

Question 5

What are clinical symptoms in B12 and folate deficiency

Answer 5

weight loss, fatigue, glossitis, jaundice, dementia, paraesthesiae, neuropathy.

Question 6

Outline thrombocytopenia

Answer 6

Decreased production of plts, can be congenital or acquired, may be congenital (rare) or acquired: BM damage (drugs), alcohol

Question 7

Outline thrombocythaemia

Answer 7

primary: malignant proliferative disorder
secondary: infection, inflammation, haemorrhage