Diagnoses Flashcards
Occlusion of the hepatic veins that drain the liver, usually from a clot. Characterized by abdominal pain, as cites, and hepatomegaly
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Primary hyperaldosteronism, excess production of the hormone aldosterone by the adrenal glands resulting in low renin levels. Often it produces few symptoms. Most people have high blood pressure which may cause poor vision or headaches.
Conn syndrome
A collection of signs and symptoms due to prolonged exposure to cortisol. Signs and symptoms may include high blood pressure, abdominal obesity but with thin arms and legs, reddish stretch marks, a round red face, a fat lump between the shoulders, weak muscles, weak bones, acne, and fragile skin that heals poorly.
Cushing’s syndrome
When due to a pituitary adenoma: Cushing’s Disease
Post-MI cardiomyopathy
Dressler syndrome
non-tender, small erythematous or haemorrhagic macular or nodular lesions on the palms or soles only a few millimeters in diameter that are indicative of infective endocarditis.
Janeway lesions
Triad of sx due to ↑ ICP: irregular respirations, bradycardia, and systolic HTN
Cushing’s triad
painful, red, raised lesions found on the hands and feet. They are associated with a number of conditions, including infective endocarditis, and are caused by immune complex deposition
Osler’s nodes
Two AR diseases of bilirubin metabolism that result in increased conjugated bilirubin, resulting in non itching jaundice.
Rotor syndrome: normal liver histology and appearance. Gallbladder can be visualized on oral cholecystogram.
Dubin-Johnson syndrome: liver has black pigmentation; GB cannot be visualized.
Retinal hemorrhage’s with white or pale centers usually caused by immune complex mediated vasculitis often resulting from bacterial endocarditis.
Roth spots
Type of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy in which there is a sudden temporary weakening of the muscular portion of the heart. This weakening may be triggered by emotional stress, such as the death of a loved one, a break-up, rejection from a partner or constant anxiety. This leads to one of the common names, broken heart syndrome.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Disorders of primary hemostasis and their mechanism
Von Willebrand disease - deficiency in the quality or quantity of von Willebrand factor (vWF), an endothelial protein required for platelet adhesion.
Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia - platelets contain defective or low levels of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GpIIb/IIIa), which is a receptor for fibrinogen
Bernard Soulier syndrome - rare autosomal recessive bleeding disorder that causes a deficiency of glycoprotein Ib (GpIb), the receptor for von Willebrand factor
Ecchymosis of the mastoid process, a late finding after trauma
Battle’s Sign, indicative of basilar skull fracture
A vascular necrosis of the femoral head; typically affects children 4-8 years of age
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
