Diabetic Retinopathy

Question 1

RF

Answer 1

Uncontrolled BP, glycaemic, lidip and

Question 2

Presentation

Examination findings

Answer 2

Visual loss, partial or total
Dark floaters.

All painless

Due to haemorrhages. Different degree’s of haemorrhage will cause symptoms

Fundoscope, slip lamp

Question 3

Investigations

Answer 3

OCT, dilated retinal photography.

Question 4

Classes

Answer 4

Diabetic Retinopathy:
Mild - One microaneurysm
Moderate - Microaneu or intraretinal haemorrhage +/- cottom wool, venous bleed.
Severe - New Vessel on Disc or New Vessel Elsewhere

Diabetic Maculopathy:
Focal or diffuse macular oedema

Question 5

Management

Answer 5

Control of BP, renal disease, glycaemic control, lipid.

Balanced diet and regular exercise.

Laser treatment stops neovascular and macular thickening.

Intravitreal steroids or antiVEG-F, bevacizumab.

Surgical vitrectomy.