Diabetes Self Care Flashcards
What are the self management activities in diabetic patients
Self monitoring of blood glucose, blood pressure, retinal screening carried out
Targeting goals tailored to patient: foot care, weight loss, injection technique
What are the positive outcomes of self management
Reduction in A and E visits
Better communication between healthcare professional and patient
Better symptom control and quality of life
Greater independence and patient satisfaction
How do you provide education to diabetic patients, and the two acronyms to support it
Structured education at time of diagnosis with annual reinforcement and review
Helps increase adherence
DESMOND- diabetes education self management for ongoing and diagnosed
DAFNE- Dose Adjustment For Normal Eating Regimen
What are diabetic symptoms again
Always tired Frequent urination Sudden weight loss Wounds that won't heal Sexual problems Always hungry Blurry vision Numb or tingling hands or feet Always thirst Vaginal infections
What number should a fasting blood glucose level be
7.0mmol/l or more
What number should a plasma glucose level be after ingestion of 75g glucose
> 11.1mmol/l or more
What level should the blood glucose be after monitoring
4-9 mmol/L
What level should the HbA1C levels be
48mmol/mol (6.5% or less)
What should you monitor for in diabetic patients
Signs and symptoms of hypo/hyperglycaemia
Signs and symptoms of chronic complications
Blood glucose levels
HbA1c levels
Cardiovascular monitoring- BP and cholesterol
Urine proteins
What are the treatment goals in diabetic patients
Improve life quality
Short term prevention of hypo/hyperglycaemia
Prevention of long term complications
Reduced Mortality
What is lipohypertrophy
Lumpy injection site that can affect absorption
What are the storage requirements for insulin products
If not in use, can be stored in a temperature between 25 to 28 degrees
Normally such be stored in fridge for future use between 2-8 degrees
Insulin can be kept at room temperature 4 weeks in use
Open vials or pre-filled pen must be discarded after 28 days
What is an insulin passport
Given to a patient receiving insulin
Carries information on patients current insulin preparation and emergency information section
What are the sick day rules that diabetic patients should follow
Illnesses generally increase insulin requirement
Patients should be provided with urine strips for ketone testing (ketostix)
Glucagon injection- for members with severe hypoglycaemia
Never stop taking insulin
Continue to drink plenty of water and have diet with more fat and surgery food
What are the driving complications if you’re a diabetic patient
May need to notify DVLA depending on treatment and license type
Must avoid hypoglycaemia
Insulin users must check blood glucose at 2 hour intervals before driving and on long journeys
