Diabetes Module 1

Question 0

Group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both

Answer 0

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

90-95% of Diabetic patients have which type of Diabetes? ; insulin resistant ; inadequate insulin secretion ; risk factors are: obesity, inactivity, age, hypertension, dislipidemia, history of gestational diabetes, race/ethnicity

Answer 1

Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Question 2

Which cells do not require insulin for efficient uptake of glucose?

Answer 2

Brain, liver, and kidney cells

Question 3

What is needed to efficiently move glucose from the blood into most types of cells?

Answer 3

Insulin

Question 4

A diabetes diagnosis is based principally on:

Answer 4

Blood glucose measurements

Question 5

Symptoms of diabetes include :

Answer 5

Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss sometimes with polyphasic, blurred vision, fatigue, susceptibility to certain infections

Question 6

When should a complete medical evaluation be performed and why?

Answer 6

Post-diagnosis ; to classify the type of diabetes, detect the presence of complications, formulate a management plan, and provide basis for continuing care.

Question 7

What are the three types of diabetes?

Answer 7

Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational

Question 8

Accounts for 5-10% of diabetes patients; is an autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells; patients require insulin to survive; typically in children and young adults; “insulin dependent”, genetics and environmental factors play a roll

Answer 8

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 9

High blood glucose during pregnancy but not before; maybe rooted in a hormonal changes; 4% of US pregnancies; 35 to 60% of cases develop diabetes within 10 to 20 years; risk factors include: age greater than 25, overweight, family history of diabetes and high blood pressure

Answer 9

Gestational diabetes

Question 10

Prevalence in US

Answer 10

25.6 million

Question 11

A condition where a person has a blood glucose level that is higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes

Answer 11

Prediabetes

Question 12

Incidence of new diagnosis

Answer 12

1.9 million ; most age 45-64

Question 13

Complications include:

Answer 13

Macro vascular, micro vascular

Question 14

Leading cause of kidney failure and new cases of blindness and nontraumatic lower limb amputations among adults in the US

Answer 14

Diabetes

Question 15

Major cause of heart disease and stroke

Answer 15

Diabetes

Question 16

Estimated annual health care cost for patients with diabetes

Answer 16

$10,000

Question 17

Specific complications include

Answer 17

Heart and cerebrovascular disease, retinopathy , nephropathy and neuropathy

Question 18

Complications increase with :

Answer 18

Degree and duration of hyperglycemia