Diabetes Mellitus Flashcards
S/SX of DM I
fatigue weight loss sudden onset polyuria polydipsia polyphagia frequent infections
S/SX of DM II
fatigue recurrent infections obese hx of HTN polydipsia polyuria FBS >126
Metabolic syndrome
abdominal obesity
hyperglycemia fasting >100
HTN
hyperlipidemia
S/SX of hypoglycemia
T- tachycardia I- Irritability R- Restless E- Excessive hunger D- Diaphoresis cold, clammy
S/SX of hyperglycemia
hot and dry polyphagia polydipsia polyuria headache N/V blurred vision
diabetic diet
130 g/day of carbs 25-30 g/day of fiber 15%-20% of calories protein limit saturated fat to less than 7% cholesterol < 200/day
exercise
30 min/day 5days/week moderate aerobic exercise exercise 1hr pc check BG before exercise small carb snacks every 30 minutes carry fast acting carbs
Rapid insulin onset, peak, duration
Onset: 10 min
Peak: 1 hr
Duration: 3 hrs
“10 minutes felt like 1 hour during 3 rapid responses”
Short acting insulin onset, peak, duration
Onset: 30 min
Peak: 2 hrs
Duration: 8 hrs
“Short staffed nurses went from 30 patients to (2) 8 patients”
Intermediate insulin onset, peak, duration
Onset: 2 hrs
Peak: 8 hrs
Duration: 16 hrs
“Nurses play heroes to (2) eight 16yo”
Long acting insulin onset, peak, duration
Onset: 2 hrs
no peak
Duration: 24 hrs
types of rapid insulin
Humalog
Novolog
types of short insulin
regular insulin
Humulin R
Novolin R
types of intermediate insulin
NPH
Humulin N
Novolin N
types of long insulin
Lantus
levemir
