Diabetes Mellitus Flashcards
What is the short acting insulin?
Regular
What are the rapid acting insulins?
Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine
What are the intermediate acting insulins?
NPH, Lente
What are the long acting insulins?
Ultralente, Glargine, Detemir, Lantus
Which patient are more prone to developing hypoglycemia with insulin use?
Advanced renal disease, elderly, age <7 yrs old
What is the pathophysiology of DM Type 1?
Autoimmune pancreatic beta cell destruction
What is the primary pathophysiology of DM Type 2?
Increasing insulin resistance and diminishing insulin secretory capacity
What is the mode of action of insulin secretagogues?
Stimulate release of endogenous insulin by promoting closure of K-channels in the pancreatic B-cell membrane
T/F: Insulin secretagogues are effective in patients who lack functional pancreatic B-cells.
False
What is the class of Chlorpropamide?
Insulin secretagogue, 1st generation sulfonylurea
What is the class of Glipizide?
Insulin secretagogue, 2nd generation sulfonylurea
Can you give Glipizide to patients with hepatic impairment and/or renal insufficiency?
No. It is contraindicated.
Which of the following has the least hypoglycemic side effect?
A. Chlorpropomide
B. Glipizide
C. Repaglinide
Repaglinide
What insulin secretagogue can you give to patient with sulfa allergy?
Repaglinide
What insulin secretagogue can you give to a patient with CKD that has low hypoglycemic effect?
Nateglinide