Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

What is Diabetes Mellitus?

Answer 1

B cells in the Pancreas stop producing insulin in adequate amounts

Question 2

What is the purpose/ action of insulin?

Answer 2

Facilitates the entry of glucose into the cell (glycolysis)

Question 3

What is type one Diabetes?

Answer 3

Insulin dependent (requires insulin therapy)

Question 4

What percentage of diabetic dogs and cats are type one (insulin dependent)

Answer 4

100% dogs
50% cats

Question 5

Insulin is a protein molecule. Pharmaceutical insulin can be damaged by what?

Answer 5

Heat, rough handling, and chemicals

Question 6

How should insulin (Vetsulin) be stored?

Answer 6

refrigerate, mix gently, use new syringe

Question 7

Clinical signs of Non Ketotic Diabetes

Answer 7

• PU/PD
  -Polyphagia
• Dehydration
• Weight loss
• Sudden cataracts formation

Question 8

Clinical signs of Ketotic Diabetes (DKA/ emergency)

Answer 8

Same as non Ketotic +
- Vomiting
- Tachypnea
- Depression and weakness
- Odor of Acetone on breath

Question 9

Diagnosis

Answer 9

Clinical signs
- Fasting BG above 200 mg/dL
- Glycosuria
- BG curve
- CBC/chem to rule out other diseases

Question 10

Treatment

Answer 10

• High Fiber Diet
• Insulin therapy (evaluate + adjust as needed)
• Exercise regulation