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pup > diabetes and gastrointestinal medication > Flashcards

diabetes and gastrointestinal medication Flashcards

1
Q

brand name for insulin lispro (rapid-acting)

A

humalog

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2
Q

common frequency of humalog/ insulin lispro

A

individualized dosing- inject 15 min before or immediately after meals

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3
Q

indication for humalog/ insulin lispro

A

type 1 and 2 diabetes

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4
Q

brand name for insulin glargine (long-acting)

A

lantus

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5
Q

common frequency of lantus/ insulin glargine

A

individualized dosing- once daily

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6
Q

indications/ use lantus/ insulin glargine

A

type 1 and 2 diabetes

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7
Q

counseling tips/ important info for lantus/ insulin glargine and humalog/ insulin lispro

A

*Low blood sugar (sweating, nausea, dizziness)
*Refrigerate unopened vials
*Discard after 28 days if at room temp
*Let syringe reach room temp prior to injection to avoid painful injection
*Rotate injection sites

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8
Q

brand name of metformin

A

glucophage

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9
Q

dosing of glucophage/ metformin

A

BID, TID
max 2,500mg/day

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10
Q

indications for glucophage/metformin

A

type 2 diabetes
polycystic ovary syndrom
weight loss

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11
Q

counseling tips for glucophage/metformin

A

*Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain
*Take with food
*Titrate dose up weekly (to reduce stomach
upset, diarrhea)
*Long-term use can cause Vitamin B-12
deficiency

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12
Q

brand name of dapagliflozin

A

farxiga

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13
Q

dosing of farxiga/dapagliflozin

A

once daily

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14
Q

inications for farxiga/ dapagliflozin

A

type 2 diabetes
chronic kidney disease
heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

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15
Q

couseling tips for farxiga/dapagliflozin

A

*Urinary tract infection
*Increased urine output
*Decreased blood pressure

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16
Q

brand name of semaglutide

A

rybelsus
ozempic
wegovy

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17
Q

dosing of semaglutide

A

rybelsus: once daily (orally)
ozempic/ wegovy: subcutaneous once weekly

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18
Q

indications for semaglutide

A

type 2 diabetes
weight management

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19
Q

couseling tips for semaglutide

A

*Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
*Headache
*Low blood sugar
*Rotate weekly injection sites

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20
Q

brand name for gabapentin

A

neurontin

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21
Q

dosing for neurontin/gabapentin

A

BID, TID

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22
Q

indications for neurontin/gabapentin

A

neuropathic pain
seizures
anxiety

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23
Q

couseling tips for neurontin/gabapentin

A

drowisness/dizziness
uncoordinated muscle movements

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24
Q

brand name of promethazin

A

phenergan

25
Q

dosing of phenergan/promethazine

A

q4-6h prn

26
Q

indications for phenergan/promethazine

A

*Prevents and treats nausea/vomiting
*Motion sickness
*Allergies

27
Q

couseling tips for phenergan/ promethazine

A

*Drowsiness/dizziness
*Avoid alcohol
*Sun sensitivity

28
Q

brand name of ondansetron

A

zofran
zofran ODT

29
Q

dosing of zofran/ ondansetron

A

q8h prn

30
Q

indications for zofran/ondansetron

A

-prevent nausea/vomiting
-non FDA approved for treatment of vomiting

31
Q

couseling tips for zofran/ondansetron

A

fatique
headache
constipation or diarrhea

32
Q

brand name of omeprazole

A

prilosec

33
Q

dosing of prilosec/omeprazole

A

once daily

34
Q

indications for prilosec/ omeprazole

A

*Acid reflux/ indigestion
*Prevention and treatment of ulcer

35
Q

couseling tips for prilosec/omeprazole

A

*Works in 1 day, up to 4 days for full effect
*Food delays absorption so take >1 hour
before food
*Separate from antacids by 2 hours

36
Q

brand name of famotidine

A

pepcid ac

37
Q

dosing of pepcid ac/ famotidine

A

bid

38
Q

indication of pepcid ac/ famotidine

A

*Acid reflux/ indigestion
*Prevention and treatment of ulcers

39
Q

couseling tips for pepcid ac/ famotidine

A

*Works in 1 hour, up to 1 day for full effect
*Can be taken with antacids

40
Q

brand name of calcium carbonate

A

tums

41
Q

dosing of calcium carbonate/ tums

A

Chew 2-4 tablets prn
MAX: 7,500 mg/day if used for indigestion
MAX: 2,500 mg/day as supplement

42
Q

indications of tums/ calcium carbonate

A

calcium supplement
acute acid reflux/indigestion

43
Q

couseling tip for tums/ calcium carbonate

A

*Constipation
*Chew before swallowing
*Do not use > 2 weeks for indigestio

44
Q

brand name of docusate sodium

A

colace

45
Q

dosing of colace/ docusate sodium

A

daily

46
Q

indications of colace/ docusate sodium

A

stool softener to relieve constipation

47
Q

couseling tips for colace/ docusate sodium

A

*Works in 1-3 days
*Take with water
*Diarrhea, cramps

48
Q

brand name for polyethylene glycol (PEG)

A

miralax (OTC)
golytely (RX)

49
Q

dosing of polyethylene glycol

A

MiraLAX (laxative): 17g (1 capful) dissolved in 8 oz. of liquid by mouth once daily prn

GoLYTELY (colonoscopy prep): Mix with water to make 1 gallon, drink 8oz every 10 minutes

50
Q

indications of polyethylene glycol

A

*Osmotic laxative to relieve constipation
*Bowel cleansing for colonoscopy prep

51
Q

couseling tips for polyethylene glycol

A

*Laxative works in 1-3 days
*Do not take laxative longer than 1 week without MD approval
*Colon prep works in 1 hr
*Diarrhea, cramps, bloatin

52
Q

brand name for bisacodyl

A

dulcolax

53
Q

dosing of dulcolax/ bisacodyl

A

laxative:
5-15mg PO daily,
10mg rectally daily
Colonoscopy prep: 20-30mg dose
MAX: 30mg/day

54
Q

indications of dulcolax/bisacodyl

A

*Stimulant laxative to relieve constipation
*Bowel evacuant for colonoscopy pre

55
Q

couseling tips for dulcolax/ bisacodyl

A

*Oral dose works in 8 hrs
*Suppository works within 15-60 minutes
*Do not take longer than 1 week without MD approval
*Diarrhea, cramps

56
Q

brand name for loperamide

A

imodium

57
Q

dosing of imodium/loperamide

A

2 tablets PO after first loose stool, then 1
tablet after each subsequent loose stool
MAX: 8mg/day (OTC),
16mg/day (Rx)

58
Q

indications for imodium/loperamide

A

*Slows peristalsis to treat diarrhea

59
Q

couseling tips for imodium/loperamide

A

*Drowsiness
*If diarrhea not improved in 2 days, call MD due to de-hydration risk

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