Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

cornelius 2 > diabetes > Flashcards

diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

how many americans have diabetes

A

30 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many americans dont know they have diabetes

A

1 in 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how many americans are pre diabetic

A

1 in 3 (90% dont know)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

prediabetes fasting glucose level

A

between 100-125 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

pre diabetes glucose level after 75 g oral glucose challenge

A

140-199 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pre diabetes HbA1C

A

5.7-6.4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

assume that _____% of patients may display baseline dsyglycemia

A

more than 30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what can surgery do to pre diabetics

A

hyperglycemia (stress)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

diabetics have problems metabolizing….

A

carbs

proteins

lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how does glucose enter a cell

A

insulin binds to alpha chains on cell membrane

beta chains are phosphorylated

intracellular tyrosine kinase activated

insulin receptor substrates are activated

synthesis of various substances including glucose transport protein

glucose transport protein binds to cell membrane, glucose can enter now

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

normal blood sugar

A

75-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when normal glucose transport is inhibited, blood glucose levels…..

A

rise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

full blown diabetes HbA1c

A

more than 6.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

controlled diabetes HbA1c

A

less than 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how many DM2 patients have no comorbidities

A

only 14%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

most common comorbities DM2 (5)

A

obesity

CV dz

HTN

dyslipidemia

kidney dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

most common cause of mortality in diabetic pts

A

cardiovascular dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what CV condition is poorly tolerated by diabetic pts

A

tachycardia

10x increase risk of death if HR more than 105 for 5 min in post op period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

obesity has what other problem associated

A

OSA, GERD, airway management

20
Q

t/f: HTN has a greater effect on mortality than glycemic control

A

true

21
Q

insulin dependent diabetics with kidney disease at risk for hypo or hyper glycemia

A

hypo

22
Q

CKD pts with DM can’t do what

A

take oral medications like metformin

23
Q

a rapid reduction in HbA1c has what result

A

study showed increased mortality in drastic reduction in hyperglycemic levels

24
Q

SAMBA recommendation for safe BG level

A

less than 180

25
Q

intra-operative hyperglycemia can result in…(5)

A

dehydration

ketoacidosis

hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

delayed wound healing

wound infection

26
Q

how often to check BG

A

at beginning of appt

after two hours

each subsequent hour

at end of appt

27
Q

how does a diabetic get hypoglycemic

A

taking their meds

skipping breakfast

long dental appointments

inability to eat after surgery

28
Q

signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia

A

confusion/combativeness

weakness

fatigue

sweating

palpitations

29
Q

ddx for hypoglycemia

A

stroke

MI

dementia

drug OD/ under dose

30
Q

when do signs of hypoglycemia show up (what BG)

A

45-55

31
Q

what is red flag BG for hypoglycemia

A

70

32
Q

BG of less than 70 tx

A

give 15 g fast acting carb

33
Q

BG of less than 50 tx

A

give 30 mg fast acting carb

34
Q

examples of 15 g of carbs

A

1/2 cup apple juice or non diet pop

small apple or orange

6 hard candies, 1 tablespoon jelly

35
Q

if you weigh 100 lbs 1 g of ingested glucose will raise BG by

A

5 mg/dL

36
Q

if you weigh 150 lbs 1 g of ingested glucose will raise BG by

A

4 mg/dL

37
Q

if you weigh 200 lbs 1 g of ingested glucose will raise BG by

A

3 mg/dL

38
Q

giving 50 mL of dextrose 50% IV will raise BG

A

75-125 mg/dL

39
Q

what do you do for unconscious hypoglycemic pt

A

if you have IV: 50 mL 50% dextrose

no IV: 1 unit glucagon subcutaneously

40
Q

signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia

A

fatigue

vision disturbances

nausea

excessive thirst

polyuria

41
Q

tx for hyperglycemia

A

find out pts insulin routine, if you dont know assume 60 units

42
Q

the 1800 rule

A

divide patients daily insulin requirement into 1800

1 unit of rapid acting insulin will drop the BG by that many points

43
Q

aspart brand name

A

novolog

44
Q

lispro brand name

A

humalog

45
Q

glulisine brand name

A

apidra

46
Q

rapid acting insulins

A

aspart

lispro

glulisine

cornelius 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions