CV drugs

Question 1

phase 0 mediated by

Answer 1

fast sodium channels, cell depolarizes

Question 2

phase 1 mediated by

Answer 2

potassium channels open, cell begins to repolarize

Question 3

phase 2 mediated by

Answer 3

slow calcium channels open, potassium channels open

PLATEAU

Question 4

phase 3 mediated by

Answer 4

slow sodium channels close, potassium channels stay open and potassium rushes out, cell reporalizses quickly

Question 5

phase 4

Answer 5

resting membrane potential around -90

Question 6

pressure =

Answer 6

flow x resistance

Question 7

MAP =

Answer 7

CO x SVR

Question 8

CO =

Answer 8

HR x SV

Question 9

how to increase MAP

Answer 9

increase HR

increase SV

increase SVr

Question 10

alpha 1 location and action

Answer 10

vasculature, vasoconstrictions

Question 11

alpha 2 location and action

Answer 11

brain, sedation/sympathetic inhibition

Question 12

beta 1 location and action

Answer 12

heart, ionotropy/chronotropy/dromotropy

Question 13

beta 2 location and action

Answer 13

lung, bronchodilattion

Question 14

what group constitutes a catecholamine and increases beta and alpha activity

Answer 14

hydroxyl substition

Question 15

what do amine substitutions do

Answer 15

larger increases beta activity

Question 16

increasing side chain distance…

Answer 16

increases sympathomimetic activity

increases duration of action

Question 17

where is dopamine synthesized

Answer 17

kidney

Question 18

where does dopamine bind

Answer 18

a1, b1, D1

Question 19

low levels of dopamine bind

Answer 19

D1; increases renal flow

Question 20

moderate levels of dopamine bind

Answer 20

b1, increases BP and HR

Question 21

high levels of dopamine bind

Answer 21

a1, vasoconstriction

Question 22

where does norepinephrine bind

Answer 22

a1 mostly

Question 23

where does epi bind

Answer 23

non selective (a1, b1, b2)

Question 24

where does phenylephrine bind, what is its action, what is a risk

Answer 24

a1, vasoconstriction

increases preload and BP

risk: reflex brady

Question 25

where does ephedrine bind

Answer 25

a1, b1, b2

Question 26

ephedrine causes ____ because of _____

Answer 26

tachyphylaxis, NE depletion

Question 27

digoxin MOA

Answer 27

inhibits sodium potassium pump, increased intra cellular ca+

Question 28

new guidelines for stage 1 htn

Answer 28

130-139/80-89

Question 29

new guidelines for stage 2 htn

Answer 29

more than 140/more than 90

Question 30

three MOA for anti HTN drugs

Answer 30

effects on autonomic NS

inhibitor of RAAS

peripheral vasodilation

Question 31

dihydropyradines work where

Answer 31

vasculatur

Question 32

non-dihyrdopyradines work where

Answer 32

heart

Question 33

non selective beta blockers should not be used in

Answer 33

obstructive disease