Diabetes

Question 1

What are the two roles of insulin in the body

Answer 1

1. Transport glucose from the blood into fat and muscle cells
2. Switch off the liver once the level of glucose in the blood is high enoug

Question 2

5 symptoms of diabetes

Answer 2

1. Always hungry
2. Sudden weight loss
3. Always tired
4. Always thirsty
5. Frequent urination

Question 3

Symptoms of diabetes occur because:

Answer 3

• Cells don’t have enough glucose
• High glucose levels in blood

Question 4

Which type of diabetes is insulin independent

Answer 4

Type II

Question 5

What are the long term complications of uncontrolled diabetes

Answer 5

• Cardiovascular issues eg atherosclerosis
• Small vessel damage eg retina, renal and brain

Question 6

Name 2 types of insulin

Answer 6

• Novo rapid
• Actrapid

Question 7

List 10 symptoms of hypoglycaemia

Answer 7

1. Dizziness
2. Sweating
3. Weakness
4. Palpitations
5. Intense hunger
6. Trembling
7. Difficulty speaking
8. Slurred speech
9. Blurred vision
10. Confusion

Question 8

Three situations where hypoglycaemia risk is increased

Answer 8

• Malnutrition and irregular meals
• Lactation and pregnancy
• Alcohol

Question 9

Treatment for Type II diabetes:

Answer 9

• Green script (lifestyle changes)
• Glucose lowering drugs
• May also include statins and anti-HTN

Question 10

First line therapy for type II diabetes:

Answer 10

Metformin

Question 11

How does Metformin tx diabetes

Answer 11

• Decrease GI absorption of glucose
• Decrease gluconeogenesis
• Increase insulin sensitivity on cells