Deviance, Crime, and Violence

Question 1

Deviance

Answer 1

behaviors that violate social norms

Question 2

norms

Answer 2

expectations for behavior

Question 3

folkways

Answer 3

norms about customs, traditions, and etiquette

Question 4

mores

Answer 4

more seriously protected norms, reflect norms and values of a group

Question 5

laws

Answer 5

most seriously protected norms, codified and enforcements

Question 6

social control

Answer 6

influence behavior to maintain social order

Question 7

moral panics

Answer 7

overheated, short-lived periods of intense social concern about an issue

Question 8

moral entrepreneurs

Answer 8

people who try to influence societies to increase awareness of violation of social norms

Question 9

functionalist theory of deviance

Answer 9

theories on social purposes that deviance serves

Question 10

social cohesion

Answer 10

degree to which we identify with and maintain social rules and connections

Question 11

strain

Answer 11

stress that results from anomie

Question 12

strain theory

Answer 12

functionalist theory, 5 adaptions to strain: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion

Question 13

opportunity theory of deviance

Answer 13

delinquency is a function of opportunity and access to delinquent behavior

Question 14

conflict theory of deviance

Answer 14

ask about how rules and norms are shaped by power relations in society

Question 15

worldview

Answer 15

shared values, beliefs, and understanding about how the world should be

Question 16

hegemony

Answer 16

type of domination, powerful obtain consent or support of subordinated

Question 17

stigma

Answer 17

person is discredited because of an attribute

Question 18

differential association

Answer 18

deviance is learned through intimate personal contacts

Question 19

control theory

Answer 19

deviance arises from a weakening of social connections

Question 20

labeling theory

Answer 20

deviance is created through reactions to an act

Question 21

criminology

Answer 21

study of crime and criminal behavior

Question 22

crime

Answer 22

act that violates penal code

Question 23

penal code

Answer 23

written laws that govern behavior

Question 24

violent crime

Answer 24

crime that involves physical force

Question 25

property crime

Answer 25

theft that doesn’t involve force

Question 26

street crime

Answer 26

violent and property crime in public spaces

Question 27

white-collar crime

Answer 27

not carried out on streets or public spaces, no force

Question 28

crime prevention through environmental design

Answer 28

reduce crime through design of buildings and physical space

Question 29

broken windows theory

Answer 29

small signs of disorder lead to outbreaks of more serious crime

Question 30

homicide rate

Answer 30

number of homicides per 100,000 residents

Question 31

culture of violence

Answer 31

US citizens want to protect their property and themselves, creating a norm of violence

Question 32

relative deprivation

Answer 32

falling behind while others do better, lead to strain

Question 33

mass incarceration

Answer 33

expansion of imprisonment

Question 34

The New Jim Crow

Answer 34

mass incarceration represent a racialized caste system

Question 35

defund the police

Answer 35

shift resources from police budgets to other agencies

Question 36

black lives matter

Answer 36

reduce police violence against African Americans