Developmental Psychology (PSYO2090) Exam One

Question 1

What are some factors/causes that affect development?

Answer 1

Biological, neurobilogical, genetic, psychological, social, cultural, environmental

Question 2

What are the changes that may be felt as a result of factors or causes?

Answer 2

Physical, mental, behavioural

Question 3

Who started the nature debate?

Answer 3

Plato

Question 4

Who started the nurture debate?

Answer 4

Aristotle

Question 5

What are the guiding themes of childhood development?

Answer 5

Nature and nurture, active child, continuity/discontinuity, mechanisms of change, individual differences, sociocultural context, research and child welfare

Question 6

What are the main components of the Nature and Nurture theme?

Answer 6

A bidirectional relationship between Nature and nurture, epigenetics

Question 7

What are the main components of the active child theme?

Answer 7

attention, laguage, play, choice (ex. environment, friends)

Question 8

What are the main components of the continuity/discontinuity?

Answer 8

Continuous growth (ex. tree), discontinuous (ex. growth spurts), stage theories

Question 9

what are the main components of the Mechanisms of change theme?

Answer 9

Genes, environment, brain structure and processes

Question 10

What are the main components of the sociocultural context?

Answer 10

Physical, Social/cultural, economics, historical, cumulative risk

Question 11

What are the main components of the Individual differences theme?

Answer 11

genes, environment, reactions to how others treat you, choice

Question 12

What are the main components of the research and child welfare theme?

Answer 12

Diagnosis, intervention, policymaking

Question 13

Define nativists

Answer 13

Group of contemporary philosophers and psychologists

evolution has created specialized capabilities that are present in infancy (such as basic properties of physical objects)

**NATURE

Question 14

define empiricists

Answer 14

believe infants learn from their experiences

**NURTURE

Question 15

What is the difference between nativism and empiricism

Answer 15

Nativism believes that children are born with basic knowledge of the world, i.e. spatial awareness. Whereas empiricists believes that children are born as a blank slate with no knowledge, and learn strictly from the experiences that they go through