Developmental Disorders Flashcards
Autism and Asperger’s Syndrome
People with autism and Asperger’s syndrome have emotional and behavioral developmental delays. They have problems communicating and interacting with others. They have very rigid behavioral patterns and don’t like it when their schedule is interrupted.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ADHD
patients have attentional and behavioral developmental issues. They are easily distracted or have trouble paying attention. They are also hyperactive and have trouble controlling their behaviors.
Conduct Disorder
Patients with conduct disorder, and the related oppositional defiant disorder, have behavioral developmental delays that mean they act like they never outgrew the ‘terrible twos.’ They are rude and act in ways that show very little respect for others. Conduct disorder patients consistently break rules and disregard other people’s rights.
Learning Disabilities
Some students have issues with reading, writing, and math. These learning disabilities, like dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dyscalculia, prevent people from developing academically.
Intellectual Disability
Patients with intellectual disability (formerly known as mental retardation) have a significantly low IQ. In other words, they do not develop intellectually.
abnormal development
a child’s development is significantly delayed or different from that of their peers
cognitive disability
must have impairments in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. Additionally, the symptoms must be present before a child becomes 18 years old.
Intellectual functioning
refers to a person’s ability to plan, comprehend, and reason. A child’s intellectual functioning can be assessed by an intelligence test. The most common intelligence test that you’ve probably heard of is the IQ test. Generally, a child with scores of 70-75 or lower is classified as having a cognitive disability.
Adaptive behavior
refers to an individual’s ability to apply social and practical skills in everyday life. Examples of adaptive behavior can include personal care, social problem-solving skills, dressing and eating skills, using money, and following rule
mild cognitive disability
accounting for around 85% of all cognitive disabilities. Kids in this category have IQ scores between 55 and 70 and are usually included in the regular classroom. Common characteristics of mild intellectual disabilities include difficulty remembering previously learned material, problems making predictions, short attention spans, poor short-term memories, and challenges generalizing skills to new situations.
moderate cognitive disability
second most common
Students with this type of disability have IQ scores between 30 and 55. These kids may have simple communication skills, difficulties in social situations, and also might present with noticeable delays. About 10% of kids who’ve been diagnosed with a cognitive disability fall in the moderate range.
severe cognitive disability
Kids with severe cognitive disabilities have IQ scores that fall under 30 and will have few communication skills, and will need direct supervision. Of all cognitive disabilities, only about 3-4% of children have a severe cognitive disability.
Down Syndrome
disability caused by having an extra chromosome. People with Down Syndrome can have a cognitive disability ranging from mild to severe. Kids with this disability will usually have distinct physical features such as a short neck, low muscle tone, a flattened facial profile, and eyes that slant upwards.
Fragile X Syndrome
genetic disorder that is often accompanied by a cognitive disability. This disability is more common in males than females. Several characteristics of children with Fragile X Syndrome include engaging in self-stimulating behaviors (as in, repeating physical movements or sounds) and difficulties with social and language skills.
Prader-Willi Syndrom
often have a cognitive disability. This disability is caused by a chromosomal error and often results in kids who eat excessively.
