Development Part 2

Question 0

Conventional level

Answer 0

Second level of moral development where moral judgements are based on compliance with the rules and values of society
Stage 3 - good child/gaining approval
Stage 4 - law and order

Question 1

Preconventional level

Answer 1

Kohlberg’s first level of moral development, in which morality is based on rewards, punishment, and exchange of favours.
Stage 1 - punishment and obedience
Stage 2 - instrumental exchange

Question 2

Postconventional level

Answer 2

Highest level of moral development in which individuals develop personal standards for right and wrong, and define morality in terms of abstract principles and values that apply to all situations and societies
Stage 5 - social contract
Stage 6 - universal ethics

Question 3

Justice perspective

Answer 3

Gilligan’s term for moral reasoning based on independence and individual rights (male)

Question 4

Care perspective

Answer 4

Gilligan’s term for moral reasoning that empathizes interdependence and interpersonal responsibility

Question 5

Temperament

Answer 5

An individual’s innate behavioural style and characteristic emotion response

Question 6

Easy children

Answer 6

Happy, relaxed, agreeable

Question 7

Difficult children

Answer 7

Moody, easily frustrated, tense, and over reactive

Question 8

Slow to warm up children

Answer 8

Shy and withdrawn, need time to adjust to new experiences or people

Question 9

Psychosocial stages

Answer 9

Erikson’s theory that individuals pass through 8 developmental stages, each involving a crisis that must be successfully resolved.

Question 10

First stage

Answer 10

Trust vs. mistrust

Question 11

Stage 2

Answer 11

Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

Question 12

Stage 3

Answer 12

Initiative vs. guilt

Question 13

Stage 4

Answer 13

Industry vs. inferiority

Question 14

Stage 5

Answer 14

Identity vs. identity confusion

Question 15

Identity crisis

Answer 15

Adolescents search for self, which requires intense self-reflection and questioning

Question 16

Stage 6

Answer 16

Intimacy vs. isolation

Question 17

Stage 7

Answer 17

Generativity vs. stagnation

Question 18

Stage 8

Answer 18

Ego integrity vs. despair

Question 19

Resiliancy

Answer 19

The ability to adapt in the face of threats

Question 20

Activity theory

Answer 20

Successful aging is fostered by a full and active commitment to life

Question 21

Disengagement theory

Answer 21

Successful aging is characterized by mutual withdrawal between the elderly and society

Question 22

Socioeconomical selectivity theory

Answer 22

A natural decline in social contact as older adults become more selective with their time

Question 23

Phases of grief

Answer 23

Numbness, yearning, disorganization/despair, resolution/reorganization

Question 24

Understanding death

Answer 24

Permanence, universality, non functionality

Question 25

Stages when facing death

Answer 25

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Question 26

Thanatology

Answer 26

The study of death and dying