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Oral Histology > Development of Pharyngeal Floor (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Development of Pharyngeal Floor (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Pharyngeal Floor Region?

A

The floor of the pharynx is the region between pharyngeal walls (pouches) of arches 1-4, 6

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2
Q

What three structures develop from the midline of the pharyngeal floor?

A
  1. Tongue
  2. Larynx
  3. Thyroid
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3
Q

What is the structure of the Tongue:

A

It’s a muscular organ located in the floor of the oral cavity

Comprised of skeletal muscle, CT and covered by specialized epithelium that detects taste

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4
Q

What is the function of the Tongue?

A

Deglutition (swallowing)
Speech
Taste
Mastication

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5
Q

What is the Dorsal surface of the tongue?

A

Faces the roof of oral cavity

  • Oral region= ant 2/3
  • Pharyngeal region= post 1/3
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6
Q

What is the Ventral surface of the tongue?

A

Faces floor of oral cavity
- Oral region (ant 2/3)

Includes: Lingual Frenulum, Plica Fimbriata, Deep lingual vein, and Opening of submandibular duct

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7
Q

What is the Lingual Frenulum?

A

Area of CT that connects tongue to floor of mouth

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8
Q

Describe the Oral region of the tongue:

A

It’s the anterior 2/3 of tongue and is moveable.

Anatomical description: Portion of tongue that extends back to palatoglossal folds

Dorsal Surface: (Ectodermal origin) SSK epithelium with lingual papilla; also described as specialized mucosa

Ventral Surface: (Endodermal origin) SSNK epithelium; all described as lining mucosa

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9
Q

Describe the Pharyngeal region:

A

Posterior 1/3 of tongue. It’s Fixed.

Anatomical description: Portion of tongue that extends from the sulcus terminals and the palatoglossal folds back to the epiglottis

Dorsal surface only: SSNK epithelium (endodermal origin)

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10
Q

Which germ layer does not contribute to the tongue?

A

Head mesoderm

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11
Q

Describe Pharyngeal Arch 1 related to the development of the Tongue:

A

Forms ectodermal mucosa of anterior 2/3

Embryonic Structure:

  • Lateral lingual swellings (Distal tongue buds)– bilateral structures give rise to mucosa of tongue
  • Tuberculum impar (median tongue bud)– central structure between lateral lingual swellings.
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12
Q

Describe Pharyngeal Arch 3 related to the development of the Tongue:

A

Forms endodermal mucosa of posterior 1/3

Embryonic structure:
Hypobranchial eminence– Midline structure extending from arches 3rd and 4th back to epiglottis

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13
Q

Describe Pharyngeal Arch 4 related to the development of the Tongue:

A

Froms mucosa for root of tongue (minor contribution) and epiglottis

Embryonic structure:

  • Hypobranchail eminence (distal)
  • Epiglottic swelling
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14
Q

Which pharyngeal arches do not contribute to the tongue?

A
  • 2nd: The 2nd PA = copula and doesn’t contribute to tongue region. The 2nd PA is overgrown by 3rd
  • 6th: PA 6 contributes to larynx forming arytenoid swellings: It doesn’t contribute to the tongue
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15
Q

Innervation region of arch 4:

A

Vagus (CNX)
Epiglottis (oral side mucosa and taste buds)
*GSA (Pain/Temp)
*SVA (Taste)

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16
Q

Region of arch 3 Innervation:

A

Glassopharyngeal (CN IX)
Posterior 1/3 mucosa and taste buds (circumvallate papillae)
*GSA (Pain/Temp)
*SVA (Taste)

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17
Q

Region of arch 1:

A

Trigeminal (CN V3– Mandibular brach)
Anterior 2/3 Mucosa only
*GSA (Pain/temp)

18
Q

What are the Developmental landmarks on the dorsal surface?

A
  1. Sulcus terminalis: V shaped depression posterior to circumvallate papillae (CV)> Point of fusion between 1st arch and 3rd arch
  2. Foramen Cecum: Located at apex of sulcus terminalis. Represents site of origin for thyroid gland– visible in adult
19
Q

Innervation pattern and Region of Pharyngeal arch 2:

A

Branch of Facial (CN VII)
Anterior 2/3
* SVA to taste buds on fungiform and foliate papillae

20
Q

Describe the Paraxial Mesoderm, Occipital somite region.

A

Developmental precursors: Skeletal muscle fibers
Adult structure: All skeletal muscle of tongue
Innervation: Hypoglossal (CN XII)
* Motor

21
Q

Describe the Head/Branchiomeric 4th pharyngeal region

A

DP: Skeletal Muscle fibers
Adult: Palatoglossus mm
Innervation: Pharyngeal plexus (CN X)
*Motor

22
Q

What is the Laryngopharynx (LP) Region?

A

It is the most inferior portion of the pharyngeal tube and is considered a derivative of pharyngeal arches.

It extends from the epiglottis (c3) to cricoid cartilage (c6)

23
Q

What represents the anterior part of laryngopharynx?

A

The larynx represents the anterior part of laryngopharynx and develops from the distal hypobranchial eminence/epiglottic swellings of the 4th and arytenoid swellings of the 6th arch.

24
Q

What is the dividing line between the 4th and 6th arch?

A

The True vocal cords

25
Q

The trachea is ——— to larynx

A

inferior

26
Q

Supraglottic contains:

A

Epiglottis and False vocal cords, Thyroid cartilage (partially)

27
Q

Subglottic contains:

A

The true vocal cords, Cricoid cartilage, mucosa

28
Q

What is the Transglottic area?

A

Region between false and vocal cords. Mucosa region innervation: Vagus Branch 1 (internal laryngeal br)

29
Q

The 4th PA can be divided into 2 regions:

A

Supraglottic and Transglottic

Supraglottic mucosa region includes epiglottis false folds (Internal laryngeal br) and skeletal innervation= Recurrent laryngeal br)

30
Q

PA 6 can be divided into one region:

A

Subglottic: Truce vocal cords and below: Mucosa innervation– (recurrent laryngeal Br–Motor and sensory)
Skeletal Muscles: Thyroartenoid, Vocalis, Posterior and lateral cricoartenoid
Skeletal Muscle innervation: Recurrent laryngeal br)

31
Q

Describe growth/formation of the Thyroid Gland:

A

Endoderm proliferates in the region of the floor of 2nd arch

32
Q

Point of origin is the Thyroid gland:

A

Thyroid gland evaginates from foramen cecum and migrates downward.

33
Q

Migratory path of Thyroid gland:

A
  • Passes anterior to hyoid bones and laryngeal cartilages
  • Remains attached to point of origin via thyroglossal duct until 6th week
  • 11th week thyroid gland starts thyroglobulin production
34
Q

What is the earliest endogland to start producing hormones?

A

Thyroid. Helps with brain development.

35
Q

Aside from the thyroid- what other pharyngeal arch derivatives migrate to their final adult position?

A

Parathyroid III
Thymus III
Parathyroid IV

36
Q

Parafollicular cells secrete:

A

Calcitonin: Decreases blood calcium levels. Is a parathyroid hormone

37
Q

Endoderm floor 2nd forms:

A

Thyroid follicular cells

38
Q

Neural crest cells from ventral 4th (6th) differentiate into

A

Parafollicular cells (Endocrine)

39
Q

Ectopic is:

A

Failed migration of tissues

40
Q

Persistent thyroglossal duct may lead to the formation of:

A

Cysts

Oral Histology (12 decks)

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