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Anatomy Exam 5 > Development, Joints > Flashcards

Development, Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Germ layers of the arm

A

NO endoderm
Ectoderm: skin and nerves
Mesoderm: Somites -> muscles
Lateral plate mesoderm: bones, connective tissue

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2
Q

Apical Ectodermal Ridge

A

signals growth proximal/distally

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3
Q

Zone of Polarizing Activity

A

Expressed in caudal part of limb

Signals development of the ulna and fingers 4-5

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4
Q

Dorsal/ventral differentiation

A

From interaction of dorsal and ventral ectoderm

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5
Q

Compartments

A

Anterior divisions of brachial plexus innervate anterior compartment muscles
Posterior divisions of brachial plexus innervate posterior compartment muscles

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6
Q

Limb rotation

A

Upper limb rotates 90 degrees laterally
Repositions elbow
(Lower limb rotates medially)

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7
Q

Types of synnovial joints

A

Hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket, plane

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8
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

A

Ball and socket (functions as a saddle)
Really strong, almost never dislocates
Anterior/posterior sternoclavicular ligaments
Disc helps cushion joint (LOTS of force on it)

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9
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

A

Plane
Acromioclavicular, coracoclavicular, coracoacromial ligaments
Not as strong as sternoclavicular, tends to rupture

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10
Q

Glenohumeral joint

A

Ball and socket
Superior, middle, inferior glenohumeral ligaments
Joint is very mobile but no very stable

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11
Q

Humeroradial joint

A

Ball and socket (functions as a hinge because of ulna)

Radial collateral ligament

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12
Q

Humeroulnar joint

A

hinge

Posterior, anterior, transverse ulna collateral ligaments

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13
Q

Proximal radioulnar joint

A

Pivot
Pronation/supination
Annular ligament holds radius against ulna

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14
Q

Carpals

A

Proximal row: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform

Distal row: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

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15
Q

Distal radio-ulnar joint

A

Pivot

Interosseous membrane, dorsal and palmar radioulnar ligaments

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16
Q

Radio-carpal joint

A

Condyloid joint
Radius and scaphoid/lunate
Radial and ulnar carpal collateral ligaments, dorsal and palmar radiocarpal ligaments

17
Q

Intercarpal joints

A

Plane joints

18
Q

Carpometacarpal joints

A

CMC

Plane joints

19
Q

Metacarophalangeal joint

A 
MCP
Condyloid (except 1st MCP)
20
Q

Trapeziometacarpal joint

A

Saddle joint

Flexion/extension, ab/adduction, opposition

21
Q

Interphalangeal joints

A

PIP (proximal) and DIP (distal)

Hinge joints

Anatomy Exam 5 (5 decks)

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