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Edexcel B Geography > Development Dynamics > Flashcards

Development Dynamics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Brandt line?

A

A line that divides developed and developing countries on the world map

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2
Q

What is a bottom up project?

A

A small scheme, organised by and NGO or charity that aims to help the poorest families

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3
Q

What is capitalism?

A

An economic and political system where trade and other sectors of the economy such as manufacturing are run by private companies for profit. They believe that the richer the country the more developed it can be

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4
Q

What is colonialism?

A

The act of getting control over another country, this involves occupying their land and results in exploitation of people and the country’s resources

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5
Q

What is communism?

A

A system which believes that the population should be classless and equal financially. Goods and the means of production are owned communally (often by the state) instead of being owned by private companies so everyone has access to what they need

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6
Q

What is corruption?

A

Governments that are dishonest or steal money to remain in power or for financial gain

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7
Q

What is economic inequality?

A

The difference in wealth between the richest 10% of a country’s population and the poorest 10%

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8
Q

What is franks dependency model?

A

Describe neocolonialism and how a country can gain control over a neo-colonial through exploitation and economic dependency

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9
Q

What is GDP?

A

GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product. The value of all produce and spending within a country.

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10
Q

What is GDP per capita?

A

The value of all produce and spending within a country, divided by the population

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11
Q

What is governance?

A

The management of a place or group of people

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12
Q

What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?

A

A measure of several indicators including life expectancy, inequality and education

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13
Q

What is an indicator?

A

A way of measuring development, which focuses on the social, economic or environmental development

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14
Q

What is the Infant Mortality Rate?

A

The fraction of children under 5 years old that die compared to the total number of births

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15
Q

What is informal work?

A

Self employed or temporary work, which provides a small wage and limited health regulations.

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16
Q

What is life expectancy?

A

The average number of years an individual is likely to live, determined at birth

17
Q

What is a Low Income Country (LIC)?

A

A country of low wealth and a limited level of development.

18
Q

Middle income country (MIC)?

A

A country of sufficient wealth and a good level of development

19
Q

What is an Non-Government Organisation (NGO)?

A

A company or organisation that operates separate from the government but doesn’t aim to make a profit e.g. charities

20
Q

What is pollution levels?

A

The volume of pollution in the air or water

21
Q

What is the poverty line?

A

The minimum amount of income a person needs to live adequately

22
Q

What is quality of life?

A

The standard of living of a person or a community. Many factors can affect this includes health, comfort and access to services

23
Q

What are respiratory conditions?

A

Illnesses that affect your breathing, for example asthma or lung disease

24
Q

What is Rostows modernisation theory?

A

The development of a country takes five stages of growth:
Traditional society
Pre conditions for take off
Take off
Drive to maturity
Mass consumption

25
Q

What is social inequality?

A

The difference in quality of life between the highest income family and lowest income household

26
Q

What are squatter settlements?

A

Clusters of temporary housing which migrants or low income families live in often built on unfavourable land

27
Q

What is a top down project?

A

A large scheme to improve development organised by the government or a large TNC. The benefits of the scheme should trickle down to poorer families in the community.

28
Q

What is topography?

A

The shape and relief or the land (e.g. mountainous, flat, low lying)

Edexcel B Geography (17 decks)

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