DEVELOPMENT: differences In Sexual Development

Question 1

Failure of testicular descent is called

Answer 1

Cryptorchidism

Question 2

Complete or partial. May be associated with inguinal hernia, germ cell tumours from undescended testes. Genital development affected, blind ending vagina with no uterus or ovarian tissue, may first present with primary amenorrhea, tall. Partial often have indifferent genitalia and may be fertile. Complete usually infertile

Answer 2

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Question 3

1:660,, difficult to spot early in life,: quieter and more passive may have dyspraxia, later taller, but weaker muscles, small genitals (hypogonadism), breasts (gynaecomastia), low sex drive and infertility.

Answer 3

Klinefelter Syndrome/ XXY

Question 4

Congenital condition in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis

Answer 4

Hypospadia

Question 5

1:2000 (high embryonic lethality).. Lymphodema, cystic hygroma, short stature, heart problems, under-developed ovaries and secondary sex characteristics but normal vagina and uterus. Affects fertility. Often undiagnosed until puberty.

Answer 5

Turner Syndrome/ XO

Question 6

1:1000. Learning difficulties, taller than average, may have clinodactyly. Few or no symptoms so often undiagnosed. Normal fertility

Answer 6

Trisomy X/XXX

Question 7

female internal structures but masculinised or ambiguous external genitalia. There is variation. Most have SRY gene but it can be associated with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia causing excess testosterone.

Answer 7

46XX male

Question 8

1:20000 both ovarian and testicular tissue: ovotestis form. Ambiguous genitalia, hypoplastic uterus if present or hypospadias. Usually infertile ut spermatogenesis or ovulation are possible. Very rare. Mosaic XX/XY OR XX/XXSRY

Answer 8

Ovotesticular disorder of sex development

Question 9

• Lack of enzyme (5 alpha reductase) converting Testosterone to DHT results in a lack of DHT (Dihydrotestosterone) during development
• Affects growth of external genitalia. Small prostates
• Female /ambiguous genitalia at birth . Usually assigned female identity
• Penis and secondary sexual characteristic growth at puberty when testosterone levels increase and compensates for the lack of DHT

Answer 9

Guevedoce

Question 10

Secondary sex determination occurs at the same time as ?

Answer 10

Braine differentiation

Question 11

Irregular Ed fertility leads to

Answer 11

Infertility

Question 12

Couple is classed as infertile following…… of trying to conceive

Answer 12

12 months

Question 13

In artificial insemination success depended on?

Answer 13

Sperm count
Quality
Whether sometimes has been frozen