Development Flashcards
Reflex
Predictable motor response elicited by stimulation
Gestational age
Age of fetus since last normal menstrual
Primitive reflexes
Present at or just after birth
Rooting reflex
Onset/ cessation
Stimulus
Response
0-3 months
Stroke corner of mouth
Move mouth/ head toward stimulus
Moro reflex AKA
Onset/ cessation
Stimulus
Response
0- 4/6months
Rapidly drop head backwards
BUE extension/ABduction then arm flexion/ ADduction
STARTLE
ATNR AKA
Onset/ cessation
Stimulus
Response
0- 4/6months
Rotate head and hold for 5secs
Face side- extremity extension, skull side extremity frexion
FENCERS
Landau
Onset/ cessation
Stimulus
Response
3/4 months- 1-2 years
Hold in prone position
Head trunk extremity extension
STNR
Onset/ cessation
Stimulus
Response
4/6 months- 8/12 months
Place in crawling position, extend head
Hip and knee flexion
Body righting on body
Onset/ cessation
Stimulus
Response
4/6 months- 5years
Supine, flex 1 hip and knee toward chest and hold
Segmental rolling of trunk
Forward Protective extension reflex
AKA
Onset/ cessation
Stimulus
Response
4months- persists
Rapidly lower toward surface while suspended vertically
LE extension
DOWNWARD PARACHUTE
Motor development progresses from?
Gross to fine
Mobility to stability?
Gross to fine
Stability to controlled mobility
When can child turn head side to side
Lifts head momentarily in prone?
0-2 months
When can child lift head independently, able to reach for toy, can bring feet to mouth in supine
5-6 months
When can child crawl on fours?
7-10months
When can child sit alone mimentarily, sit by propping forward on arms, and protective responses are present when falling forward?
5-6months
When can the child walk, fall momentarily and recover?
10-14 months
When can child perform volitional release?
7-9months
Name 5 aspects of UE development
Head and trunk control Eye hand interaction Scapular mobility Humeral/ elbow/ forearm/ wrist control Thumb opposition Palmar arch And isolated finger control
Name 5 components of developing hand skills
Reaching. Grasping Releasing. Carrying Bilateral hand use Manipulation Pre writing Scissor use
When can child hop on one foot
3.5yrs- 5yrs
When can child walk upstairs alternating feet?
2- 2.5/3 years
Place grasps in order 1 Primitive squueze 2 radial digital 3 palmar 4 radial palmar
1 primitive
3 palmar
4 radial palmar
2 radial digital
When does radial digital grasp appear?
8 months
Name and describe 2 hand manipulation skills
Finger to palm translation- pick up coin
Palm to finger translation- place coin in slot
Shift- separate pieces of paper
Simple rotation- unscrew bottle cap
Complex rotation- turning a pencil over to erase
In hand manipulation with stabilization- picking up coins with pincer and storing on ulnar side
When does complex rotation emerge?
6-7 years
When does palm to finger translation emerge?
2-2.5 years
Name and demonstrate the four pre writing grasps in order
Palmar supinate- fisting.1-1.5
Digital pronate- sketching.2-3.
Static tripod- hand moves as unit, no fine digit movement.3.5-4.
Dynamic tripod- mcp stabalized during fine PIP movement.4.5-6.
When does dynamic tripod emerge?
Digital pronate?
4.5- 6 years
2-3 years
When can child cut a straight line and simple geometric shapes with scissors?
3-4 years
Name 3 of Eriksons 8 stages of man for personal social crisis that leads to personality
Trust vs mistrust- hope Autonomy vs doubt/shame- selfcontrol Initiative vs guilt- purpose Industry vs inferiority- competence Self identity vs role diffusion- fidelity Intimacy vs isolation- love Generatively vs self absorption- care Integrity vs despair- wisdom
What is maslows theory for basic human needs?
If lower level needs are not met one i unable to work on higher level needs
What age is Piaget’s pre operational period?
2-7 years
In cognitive development when does child bang and shake objects?
3-6 months
In cognitive development when does child notice relation between complex actions, cause and effect?
9-12months
When does child look for object after it dissappears?
6-9 months
When can child build with blocks horizontally and vertically
2- 2.5 years
At birth 40weeks gestation what oral motor reflexes are present to prevent aspiration?
Rooting
Gag
Cough
When are diagonal jaw movements present for mastication of soft foods
7-8 months
When does rotary chewing emerge?
12months
Name 3 signs of child abuse
Withdrawl Nightmares Running away Anxiety depression Guilt Mistrust of adults Fear Aggressiveness
Ways to prevent challenging behaviors, name 3
Minimize aversive events Share control Increase effective communication Clarify expectations Support self regulation Match demand to ability Meet sensory needs
Tx options to support positive behavoirs
Meet sensory needs Build new skills Contingency method, "if u do this, this will happen" Token prizes, gold star method Positive reinforcement Alternate between preferred n non preferred activities Establish transition routine Timers
When should child tell someone he needs to use restroom?
2.5-3
When should child be I in toileting?
4-5yrs
When can child remove unfastened coat?
2yrs
When can child zip up jacket?
4yrs
During dressing what position may reduce stiffness and make dressing easier?
Side lying
What adaptive device is best for a child who needs sitting balance support and poor head control during bathing?
Hammock chair
When can child realize object still exists even when taken from view?
9-12m
When can child follow simple commands “give mom ball”
9-12m
Creative play
4-7yrs
Participates in cooperative peer groups
Symbolic play
2-4 yrs, helps refine ideas
Exploratory play
0-2yrs, develops body scheme explores cause and effect
When should child demonstrate partial head flexion when pulled from sit
3-4months
Scaffolding approach
Teaching process of segmented tasks to allow one to add to existing skills
Premature infants usually demonstrate what kind of postural deficit?
Flexion
