Development Flashcards
At 2 weeks an infant should be able to
Move head side to side
Regards face
Alerts to bell
At 2 months old, an infant should be able to
Lie with head midline, lift shoulder while prone
Track past midline, hands unfit 50% of the time
Smile responsively
Coo, search for sound with eyes
Still has primitive reflexes
At 4 months of age, an infant should be able to
Roll front to back (then back to front)
No head lag if pulled to sit from supine
Reach for object, bring hands to midline
Bring object to mouth
Look at hand, smile spontaneously
Laugh and squeal
Primitive reflexes extinguish (Moro, grasp, Gallant)
At 6 months of age, an infant should be able to
Sit without support, bear weight if stood up and held
Transfer object hand to hand, can hold two objects simultaneously; hold bottle; raking grasp
Feed self
Babbles
Develop object permanence
At 9 months of age, an infant should be able to
Crawl, pull to stand and cruise, get into sitting position
Start to pincer grasp (thumb and index finger); bang two blocks together
Wave bye-bye; play pat-a-cake
Say “dada” and “mama” nonspecifically; imitate sounds; two syllable sounds
Turn to name; object permanence; begins to have separation anxiety
At 12 months of age, a toddler should be able to
Walk; stoop and stand
Fine pincer grasp; voluntarily release object from grasp; put block in cup; roll a ball
Drink from a cup; imitate others
Say “mama” and “dada” specifically; say one or two other words; begins jargon (pretend speech, sounds that mimic speech in pattern and intonation)
Understands “no;” may begin following simple commands without gestures
At 15 months of age, a toddler should be able to
Walk backward; stoop to pick up toys; creep up stairs
Scribble; struck two to three blocks
Use spoon and fork; help with housework
Say three to six words; follow commands
May know 1-2 body parts
At 18 months of age, a toddler should be able to
Run, walk up stairs with one hand held; climb into chairs
Use spoon; stack four blocks; copy vertical lines; remove garment; “feed” doll
Say at least six words (usually 10-25 words)
Can point to 2-3 objects when named; understand when they have done something wrong and can start to feel shame, guilt, remorse
At 2 y/o, a toddler should be able to
Walk up and down stairs (not alternating feet)
Kick a ball, throw overhand; stack 6 blocks; copy circles and horizontal lines
Wash and run hands; brush teeth; put on clothes; parallel play (play near other children but not with them)
Put two words together using noun and verb; point to pictures; know body parts
Can follow 2-step command; understands concept of today
At 3 y/o a toddler should be able to
Walk up steps alternating feet; balance on one foot for 3 seconds; broad jumps; pedal tricycle
Stack 8 blocks; wiggle thumb; spontaneously draw a circle
Use a spoon well, put on t-shirt; engage in pretend/imaginative play; name pictures; speech understandable to stranger 75%; say three-word sentences; over 200 words; participates in conversations
Understands concepts of tomorrow and yesterday; draw 2- to 3-part person; fears imaginary things (monsters under the bed)
At 4 y/o, a toddler should be able to
Balance well on each foot for 5-8 seconds; hop on one foot
Copy circle; maybe +; draw person with three parts
Brush teeth without help; dress without help
Name colors, understands adjective; 100% speech intelligible with multiple sentences
At 5 y/o, a child should be able to
Skip; heel-to-toe walks
Copy square
Count; understand opposites
At 6 y/o, child should be able to
Balance on each foot for 6 seconds
copy triangle; draw a person with 6 parts
Define words
Begin to understand right and left
Red flag at 2 months of age
No fixing on objects
Red flag at 4 months of age
No cooing or smiling
