Development Flashcards
How does the brain develop from early years?
When the foetus is 3/4 weeks old a tube forms in the brain, forming the forebrain, the midbrain and the hindbrain. By 5 weeks old the forebrain and hindbrain have split into two parts. At 6 weeks the cerebellum develops as well as the medulla oblongata.
From birth to 3 years the brain forms 700-1000 new connections every second - doubling in size in the 1st year and reaching 80% of full size by the age of 3.
Describe Piagets theory.
4 Stages: Sensorimotor, Pre-operational, Concrete Operational and formal operational.
Sensorimotor - Explore using senses, learning through smell hearing and touch. At 6 months they develop object permanence and often repeat actions such as dropping things. Birth to 2 years
Pre Operational - Children start to use symbols to represent objects, children are egocentric. Ages 2 - 7
Concrete Operational - Children start to apply rules and strategies to their understanding and thinking. They begin to understand the concept of conservation eg: a tall cup of water is the same as a wide one.
Formal Operational - 12 and up. Children think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems. They begin to think of moral and philosophical problems and begin to use deductive logic
How did piaget’s study effect education?
Education was tailored to each age groups cognitive ability - Meaning when children were capable of certain topics they would study them. This helps them develop steadily and in line with their biological development.
Describe Dwecks mindset theory
Fixed mindset: People believing their course is set and intelligence and success is innate
Growth Mindset: People who believe that growth is nurtured and can be cultivated with effort.
Dweck believed that self-efficacy was key and that motivation to succeed was the key to doing well. Praise should be given for effort not for results - this prevents people working just for rewards ruining self efficacy
