developing phonology Flashcards
what are the 4 preverbal stages and the ages associated with them
- vegetative - 0-4m
- cooing - 4-7m
- babbling - 6-12m
- proto words - 9-12m
what happens in each of the 4 pre verbal stages
- vegetative, cooing, babbling, proto-words
- sound of discomfort or reflexive actions
- comfort sounds and vocal play using open mouthed vowel sounds
- repeated patterns of consonant and vowel sounds
- word like vocalisations, not matching actual words yet, with gestures to support
what is phonemic expansion and contraction
expansion = variety of sounds produced increases
contraction = variety of sounds is reduced to the sounds of the main lang. used
when are plosives made + examples
- when airflow is blocked for a brief amount of time
- voiced - b/d/g
- unvoiced - p/t/k
when are fricatives made
- when airflow is partially blocked and air moves through the mouth in a steady stream
when are affricatives made
- putting plosives and fricatives together
when are approximates made + examples
- similar sound to vowels, only voiced
- w/r/j
how are nasals made
- produced by air moving through the nose, only voiced n, m
how are laterals made
- placing the tongue on the ridge of the teeth and then air moving down the side of the mouth
- only voiced - “L”
what are the 7 early phonological errors SCAARDD
- substitution
- consonant cluster reductions
- addition
- assimilation
- reduplication
- deletion
- deletion of unstressed syllables
what is substitution with an example
- substituting one sound for another especially harder sounds that develop later
- pip for ship
what is consonant cluster reductions with an example
- consonant clusters an be difficult to articulate so children can reduce them to smaller units
- pider for spider
what is addition with an example
- adding an extra vowel sound to the ends of words creating a CVCV structure
- doggie/mummy
what is assimilation with an example
- changing one consonant or vowel for another
- gog for dog
what is reduplication with an example
- repeating a whole syllable
- dada/mama
what is deletion and deletion of unstressed syllables with examples for both
- omitting the final consonant in words
- go(g), cu(p)
- omitting the opening syllable in a polysyllabic word
- nana for banana
what are the 7 places of articulation
Lily Loves Interesting And Very Pretty Goats
- labial
- labio-dental
- inter-dental
- alveolar
- velar
- palatal
- glottal
how are labial sounds made and give examples
sounds produced with the lips
/p/, /b/, /m/, /w/
labial dental sounds examples
/f/, /v/
Inter-dental sounds examples
/θ/, /ð/
how are alveolar sounds made with an example
produced at the ridge behind the top teeth
/t/, /d/, /n/, /s/, /z/
how are palatal sounds made with examples
sounds made in the middle of the roof of the mouth
/ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/, /l/, /r/, /j/
how are velar sounds made with examples
- SC judge, animal in her country, adjective for her
sounds produced at the back of the mouth
/k/, /g/, /ŋ/
how are glottal sounds made with an example
most noticable feature
produced when you release air through moving your vocal folds apart
/h/
what are Shriberg’s stages of speech sound development
- early 8 - 1-3 years
- middle 8 - 3-6.5years
- late 8 - 5-7.5 years
what phonemes are acquired in Shriberg’s early 8
My Big Y!ellow Newt Waddles Down Peaceful Hills
/m/, /b/, /j/, /n/, /w/, /d/, /p/, /h/
what phonemes are acquired in Shriberg’s middle 8 - middle of mouth has to be open
- Tiny Kangaroos x2 Graze Fresh Vegetables, Chewing Joyfully
/t/, /ŋ/, /k/, /g/, /f/, /v/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/
what phonemes are acquired in Shriberg’s late 8
she, , thin, then, cousin of bunny, countries, animal you would find in one of those countries
/ʃ/, /s/, /θ/, /ð/, /r/, /z/, /l/, /ʒ/
what phonemes are acquired in Grunwells first stage - up to 24m
/d/, /b/, /m/, /n/, /w/, /p/, /t/
grunwells second stage - 30m
- Mano says this, animal from that continent, SC judge , most noticable feature
/ŋ/, /g/, /k/, /h/
grunwells third stage 36m
4 words all rhyme with toosh, last one is a bit wild
/j/, /l/, /s/, /f/
grunwells 4th stage 42m
june, chin, she, two countries and the cousin of a bunny
/dʒ/, /tʃ/, /ʃ/, /v/, /z/, /r/
grunwells 5th and final stage 48m
thin, then, hush
/θ/, /ð/, /ʒ/
