deve - piagets theory of cognitive development and the development of intelligence Flashcards
what was piagets explanation of understanding the world?
piaget thiught children develop through adaptation, adjusting to the world as they experience nes things.
as babies fevelop they form ideas of how the things are in the world. ideas take form as schemas or plans through which they represent the world.
often can fit new things into their existing schemas but as they experience more they need to change their schema to make new ones
what was piagets theory of intelligencr
intellligence is developpednthrougu building schemas via adaptation and through the four stages of cognitive development
describe what schema is
plans and patterns are formed about what we experience, mental structures give us frameworks to understand the world
define assimilation and accomodation
assimilation is incorporating experienced into existing schemas into existing schemas
accomodation is when a schema no longer works and has to be changed to desl with a new experience
describe equilibrium
when a childs schema can explain all that they experience, a state of mental balance
strengths and weaknessed of piagets cognitive development theory
str
practical applications as discovery learning sraws on piagets ideas of focusing on the individual childs stage of development when helping their learning. when they can discover on their own pace they can build knowledge using schemas and work according to their stage
has validity from three mountain tasks study of piaget, howger some have found children to do things earlier than he predicted
weak
- cannot be generalised as hendid not look at the influence of social interactions or cultural settig, Pierre Dasen 1994 found that aboriginal children developed the ability to conserve at a layer stage thst piagets swisss sample did suggesting culture may affect cognitive development
his data cane from interviews and ovservations he did with children, he may have been subjective leading to bias rindings
lack of validity as other studies used similar methods but in a more realistic settijg produced different findingd
strengths and weaknessed of piagets cognitive development theory
str
practical applications as discovery learning sraws on piagets ideas of focusing on the individual childs stage of development when helping their learning. when they can discover on their own pace they can build knowledge using schemas and work according to their stage
has validity from three mountain tasks study of piaget, howger some have found children to do things earlier than he predicted
weak
- cannot be generalised as hendid not look at the influence of social interactions or cultural settig, Pierre Dasen 1994 found that aboriginal children developed the ability to conserve at a layer stage thst piagets swisss sample did suggesting culture may affect cognitive development
his data cane from interviews and ovservations he did with children, he may have been subjective leading to bias rindings
lack of validity as other studies used similar methods but in a more realistic settijg produced different findingd
what is mindset?
the set of bdliefs we have about our ability to succeed in education and other areas
mindset theory suggests children who think can improve will continue to put in effort whereas those who tyink thru do nog have a particular ability tend to stop trying
describe carol dweck
anerican psychologidtnfocused on helping dtufents to achieve nore specificislly considering hoe praise affectd children.
according to dweck they may draw conclusion that ability is either fixed or not fixed at birth depending on prsise
what is a growth and fixed mindset?
growth mindset
believing practice and effort can improve your abilities
fixed mindset
believing your sbikities are fixed and unchangae
describe keypointd in dwekcs mindset theory
- children that develop a fixed mindset of a particular ability give up fearing they will not be successful since the sbility is not in them. can be ome delressed and stop trying, stop taking challenges. a growht mindset allows for the jdea effort brings success. challenged can be wortheule and feedback is take notice of
- teachers w dixed ir griwth mindset sffect how they respond to a child, teacher with a fixed mindset cna dee chilfren lacking a particular ability whereas a trscher with growth mindset sees a child can improve w perseverance
explain experimental evidence for dwecks mindset theory
Mueller and Dweck 1998
found praising students ability led then to a fixed minddet, became vulnerable to issues such as coping with setbscks. in contrast praising effort leaf to studentd persevering more
Yeager and Dweck 2012
more than 1500 students it was found thst low achieving stufentd who learned to use a growth mindset did better compared to a control group who fid not hsve that learning
