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Detox Flashcards

1
Q

detox

A

short term intervention designed to eliminate toxins from the body, promote health and assist with weight loss and reset your physiology

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2
Q

detox diets

A

total starvation to juicing to food modification, often use laxatives, diuretics, vitamins, herbs, minerals and/or cleansing foods

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3
Q

how many naturopathics use detox

A

92% and 75% fwith diet detox

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4
Q

most common reason for detox - 8

A

environmental exposure to toxins, general cleansing/preventative med, GI disorders, autoimmune disease, inflammation, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, weight loss

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5
Q

do we have toxins

A

nah

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6
Q

commercialized toxins - 5

A 
pollutants
synthetic chemicals
heavy metals 
processed foods 
potentially harmful products from modern life
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7
Q

why is it hard to investigate commercial claims?

A

they dont identify the specific toxin or how they will eliminate it

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8
Q

quantitative measures of detox studies

A

none

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9
Q

detox diets can be good for

A

health promotion and weight loss

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10
Q

what can be toxic in the body

A

high doses of synthetic chemicals

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11
Q

POP - 5

A

persistent organic pollutants - industrial chemicals that accumulate in human adipose tissue - flame retardants, pesticides, paints, coolants, lubricants - polybrominated biphenyls
banned by EU, USA and Australia since 70s
linked with endocrine disruption, CV diseases, neurological and developmental defects, metabolic diseases and cancer
animal models and wild life
reduced age of menarche

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12
Q

Phthalate - 5

A

cosmetics, food packaging, plastic toys, capsule of supplements
reproductive and developmental problems in in animals
androgenic effect in humans
not covalently bonded - released upon heating
KD- decrease exposure to pregnant and kids

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13
Q

Bisphenol A (BPA) - 4

A

plastic food and drink packaging
reproductive changes, CV disease and diabetes
current exposure not considered a significant health risk
estrogen mimicking

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14
Q

moulds

A

volatile metabolites - adverse health effects

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15
Q

iodine

A

found naturally in body can lead to thyroid disorder when consumed in excess

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16
Q

metals - 5

A

toxic to humans
mercury, lead (brain), cadmium(renal), arsenic (few types of cancer, high conc in rice, cook it like pasta), aluminum (reduced bone mineral density, regulation of enzymes)

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17
Q

arsenic levels are problematic where?

A

bangladesh - conc in groundwater is high

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18
Q

way of detox - 4

A

depends on chemical - include conversion to a less toxic form
methylation of arsenic to reduce toxicity
metabolism or conjugation to produce water soluble for renal excretion
conjugation with glutathione for GI elimination as bile
intracellular metallothionein binding of heavy metals

19
Q

mercury half life in blood

A

57 days - too much will affect the NS

20
Q

lead half life in bones

21
Q

Consideration for detox diets - 2

A

energy restriction - weight loss - redistribute POPs from fat stores into circulation
obese ind after bariatic surgery, 15 week weight loss program

22
Q

half lives of BPA and phthalate

A

short half lives >12h but consistently present in human bodies - water bottles, food containers, linings of food and beverage cans

23
Q

in how many people will BPA be detected?

A

urine of >90% of US - difficult to avoid plastic contamination

24
Q

success rate of diets and why

A

20% - evolved mechanism to defend against weight loss because starvation can lead to reduced fertility and even death

25
dieting
stressful because it involves resisting temptation and enduring physically aversive feelings of hunger and deprivation
26
actual fix
healthy habits
27
intestinal autointoxication - 3
self poisoning from ones own retained wastes - food entering the intestine stagnates and rots, relating byproducts that enter circulation early 20th century very popular - Metchnikoff - chronic poisoning by intestinal microbes weakens our cellular elements publication in 1919 discredited theory
28
2 more natural toxins
solanine (green under potato, phytochemical) and food allergens
29
detoxifying organs in the body - 5
kidney (urine), liver (hepatocytes and arsenic), GI, skin, lungs
30
can detox diets assist with elimination of toxins
no evidence
31
possible detoxing dietary components
``` malic acid (grapes and wine) citric acid (citrus fruits) succinic acid (apples and bludberries) coriander selenium chlorella (increase metallothionein0 nori olestra (fat substitute) ```
32
2 possible health risks of detox diets
low energy diet - increased stress, fatigue, altered appetite, and nutritional deficiencies increased risk of toxicity with supplements - herbal and dietary supplement induced liver injury - 20% of cases and potential redistribution of POPs
33
colon cleansing - scientific?
removal of material from LI | nope not in the prevention or treatment of disease
34
technique of colon cleansing
oral intake of specific herbs, soluble fibre, water, and food colon irrigation - infusion of fluids through the rectum via a tube
35
2 risks of colon cleansing
coffee/anticancer enemas have been linked with cases of severe septicemia risk of perforation
36
alkaline diets - 3
nutritional acid load hypothesis of osteoporosis - certain foods, including meat and dairy products increase dietary acid load leading to activation of osteoclasts, calcium resorption, and bone demineralization some naturopaths use it as a cure for chronic diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes, CV disease and cancer no evidence
37
evidence to support nutritional acid load - 3
healthy ind and western diet has no impact on blood pH, kidneys and pulmonary system regulate acid base balance with the blood pH of 7.4 net acid excretion does not have a major impact on calcium balance, bone metabolism, or osteoporotic fracture risk milk is not an acid producing food
38
pH of blood vs urine
diff
39
why juice
concentrate phytochemicals and your body doesnt have to break things down - bu actually it defeats the purpose of consuming fibre then ..
40
3 reasons why detox diets sell
popular fear - invent disease with generic symptoms reach ppl emotionally - promise of purification and redemption, appeal to vanity, celebrity culture pseudoscience - unfounded claims under the disguise of science
41
should we eat organic? - 4
no diff in nutritional value organic food has slightly lower pesticides - 46% of it has pesticides not superior for health personal preference on taste diff?
42
overall recommended diet
balance, varied diet thats plant based and whole
43
the whole problem with the world
fools and fanatics are always so certain and wiser are so full of doubts
44
antibiotics in milk
they have all been checked

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