Determinism Flashcards
1.
Is an ideology which states that man is not free.
Determinism
(this is very dangerous because, the consequences of denying human freedom is the denial of morality)
Determinism
ithout freedome, there is no human act. Society will be
chaotic
6 types of determinism
Physiological or biological determinism
Sociological determinism
Economic determinism
Fatalistic determinism
Theological determinism
Psycho-Analytical determinism
is the belief that human behavior is
directly controlled by an individual’s genes, hormones or some component of their physiology affecting our stand on eugenes, scientific racism, debates around heritability of IO, the basis of sexual orientation and socio-biology.
Physiological or biological determinism
is the theory that social interactions and constructs
alone determine individual behavior or man is determined by his cultural beliefs.
Sociological determinism
(if does not follow that a state accepts capital punishment. And this is still morally evil)
Sociological determinism
is a socio-economic theory which claims that economic
relationships (such as being an owner or capitalists, or being a worker or proletariat) are the foundation upon which all either societal and political arrangements in society are based
Economic determinism
this is an ideology which claims that man is determined by his economic status
Economic determinism
it claims that man is determined by his fate or destiny or luck
Fatalistic determinism
is an ideology which claims that everything is
determined by God.
Theological determinism
is not cause or determined by God, but it is man who causes it when man abuses his freedom.
Sin
is a belief that human behavior is deterministic.
It is governed by irrational forces and the unconscious, as well as instinctual and biological drives.
Psycho-Analytical determinism
due to this theory some theorist do not believe in free will
Psycho-Analytical determinism
3 ways Acts may be assessed as
good act
evil act
indifferent act
conforms with the norms of morality
. Good act
disconforms with the norms of morality
Evil acts
it stands in no positive relation, neither good nor evil but can be
made good or evil depending upon the situation or circumstances.
Indifferent acts
A good act may become morally evil if the intention is
evil
A good act may receive more goodness if the intention is
good
can never become morally good despite of the good intention.
evil act
3 Important considerations about the act:
- A good act may become morally evil if the intention is evil. 2. A good act may receive more goodness if the intention is good. 3. An evil act can never become morally good despite of the good intention.
3 ways Morality may be assessed as
moral
immoral
morally justifiable
the act and the end are good.
moral
either the act or end is evil
immoral
one performs an act with 2 effects, 1 good and 1 evil.
If the person passes the four Principles of Double effect, the person’s act is ——
Morally Justifiable
They are also called obstacles of human act which affects or prevents a clear knowledge (intellect) of the object of the act
Impairments of Human Acts
impair the coming about of a human act in its roots by diminishing or preventing the consent of free will (will)
Impairments of Human Acts
3 Impairments of required knowledge
- Ignorance
- Error
- Inattention
4 impairments of free consent (Will)
- Passion
- Fear
- Violence
- habit
3 kinds of ignorance
invincible ignorance
Vincible ignorance
Affected or Pretended ignorance
gnorance which cannot be conquered by such ordinary
diligence and reasonable effort.
invincible ignorance
Also called antecedent ignorance because it
precedes any voluntary act and is not willed by any consent of the will.
invincible ignorance
makes an act involuntary for this is not human act hence the agent is not responsible to his action or omission
invincible ignorance
ignorance which can be conquered by ordinary effort but
was not acquired because of negligence or intentionally not acquired
Vincible ignorance
does not destroy voluntariness but it does lessen the voluntariness and responsibility of an act
Vincible ignorance
when a person positively wants to be ignorant
in order to plead innocent to a change of guilt.
Affected or Pretended ignorance
does not excuse a person from his evil
action on the contrary, it actually increases the malice or their moral responsibility
Affective ignorance
Closely connected with ignorance is
error
is a state of holding incorrect beliefs or opinions, or the facts of acting wrongly or misguidedly.
error
A person is held morally responsible for his actions which flows from his error especially if there’s no effort done to correct his
error
Failure to take proper care or give enough attention to something. This is an actual, momentary privation of
knowledge
A person is held liable and morally responsible for his acts resulting from
inattention
is the Strong tendencies towards the possession of something good or towards the avoidance of something evil
passion
are neither good nor evil but indifferent. Hence can be good when ordered towards virtue or evil when ordered towards
vice.
passion
11 chief passions
- Love
- Desire
- Delight
- Hope
- Bravery
- Anger
- Hatred
- Sadness
9.Despair - Fear
11.horror
2 divisions of passion
Antecedent passion
Consequent passion
passion comes first before the judgement of reason and
control of the will.
Antecedent passion
time element modifies it that judgement of reason and
control of the will were already present before committing the act.
Consequent passion
is the disturbance of the mind caused by the thought of an impending evil
fear
