Determinants of parenting Flashcards
What are the three influential categories proposed by Jay Belsky in 1984 regarding parenting?
- Parental psychological resources
- Child characteristics
- Sources of stress & social support
What is the primary focus of Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Systems model?
Organizing immediate/proximal, mid-level, and distal determinants of parenting
What are some cultural and distal determinants of parenting?
- Culture
- Socioeconomic status (SES)
- Religion
How does culture influence parenting?
Shapes parental values, goals, beliefs, norms, and expectations for children
Fill in the blank: In Japan, parenting emphasizes _______ and practices like co-sleeping.
[interdependence]
What is the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and parenting values according to Kohn (1979)?
SES influences values → child-rearing values → parenting
How do religious beliefs impact parenting?
Influence values of kindness, tradition, and obedience
What is a significant effect of parental unemployment on parenting?
Influences parents’ values, well-being, mood, and parenting involvement
True or False: Maternal employment has been linked to increased child overweight.
True
What are some examples of major life stresses that can affect parenting?
- Natural disasters
- Death
- Divorce
What role does social support play in parenting?
Can counteract stress and promote positive parenting
Fill in the blank: Urban poverty is linked to negative outcomes such as _______ and health problems.
[crime]
What is one major difference in parenting styles between mothers and fathers?
Fathers engage in less verbal but more rough play
How do prior experiences influence parenting?
Influence through recollections of one’s own childhood and previous parenting experiences
What personality traits are linked to positive parenting?
- Patience
- Calmness
- Empathy
How does a child’s age influence parenting behaviors?
Linked to changes in size, language, cognitive skills, and emotional maturity
What is the concept of ‘goodness of fit’ in parenting?
How parents relate to a child’s temperament
How does a child’s birth order affect parenting?
Firstborns receive more care and attention, but also greater pressure to achieve
What percentage of UK families are classified as lone parent families as of 2023?
16%
What is the relationship between marital relations and parenting?
Close, supportive relationships linked to positive parenting; unhappy marriages linked to less involvement
What are situational determinants of parenting?
Dynamic contexts and situations that affect parenting behavior
Fill in the blank: Parenting variation can occur across different _______.
[settings]
